我遇到了一种情况，我应该根据2个键从列表中获得不同的元素。 如果您希望基于两个键或组合键进行区分，请尝试此操作

class Person{
    int rollno;
    String name;
}
List<Person> personList;


Function<Person, List<Object>> compositeKey = personList->
        Arrays.<Object>asList(personList.getName(), personList.getRollno());

Map<Object, List<Person>> map = personList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(compositeKey, Collectors.toList()));

List<Object> duplicateEntrys = map.entrySet().stream()`enter code here`
        .filter(settingMap ->
                settingMap.getValue().size() > 1)
        .collect(Collectors.toList());

Here is the example
public class PayRoll {

    private int payRollId;
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String dept;
    private int salary;


    public PayRoll(int payRollId, int id, String name, String dept, int salary) {
        super();
        this.payRollId = payRollId;
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.dept = dept;
        this.salary = salary;
    }
} 

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.stream.Collector;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

public class Prac {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        int salary=70000;
        PayRoll payRoll=new PayRoll(1311, 1, "A", "HR", salary);
        PayRoll payRoll2=new PayRoll(1411, 2    , "B", "Technical", salary);
        PayRoll payRoll3=new PayRoll(1511, 1, "C", "HR", salary);
        PayRoll payRoll4=new PayRoll(1611, 1, "D", "Technical", salary);
        PayRoll payRoll5=new PayRoll(711, 3,"E", "Technical", salary);
        PayRoll payRoll6=new PayRoll(1811, 3, "F", "Technical", salary);
        List<PayRoll>list=new ArrayList<PayRoll>();
        list.add(payRoll);
        list.add(payRoll2);
        list.add(payRoll3);
        list.add(payRoll4);
        list.add(payRoll5);
        list.add(payRoll6);


        Map<Object, Optional<PayRoll>> k = list.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(p->p.getId()+"|"+p.getDept(),Collectors.maxBy(Comparator.comparingInt(PayRoll::getPayRollId))));


        k.entrySet().forEach(p->
        {
            if(p.getValue().isPresent())
            {
                System.out.println(p.getValue().get());
            }
        });



    }
}

Output:

PayRoll [payRollId=1611, id=1, name=D, dept=Technical, salary=70000]
PayRoll [payRollId=1811, id=3, name=F, dept=Technical, salary=70000]
PayRoll [payRollId=1411, id=2, name=B, dept=Technical, salary=70000]
PayRoll [payRollId=1511, id=1, name=C, dept=HR, salary=70000]

另一种方法是将人名作为键放在地图中:

persons.collect(Collectors.toMap(Person::getName, p -> p, (p, q) -> p)).values();

注意，如果名称重复，则保留的Person将是第一个遇到的Person。

在我的情况下，我需要控制什么是前一个元素。然后，我创建了一个有状态的Predicate，我在其中控制前一个元素是否与当前元素不同，在这种情况下，我保留了它。

public List<Log> fetchLogById(Long id) {
    return this.findLogById(id).stream()
        .filter(new LogPredicate())
        .collect(Collectors.toList());
}

public class LogPredicate implements Predicate<Log> {

    private Log previous;

    public boolean test(Log atual) {
        boolean isDifferent = previouws == null || verifyIfDifferentLog(current, previous);

        if (isDifferent) {
            previous = current;
        }
        return isDifferent;
    }

    private boolean verifyIfDifferentLog(Log current, Log previous) {
        return !current.getId().equals(previous.getId());
    }

}

我想改进一下斯图尔特·马克斯的回答。如果键是空的，它会通过NullPointerException。在这里，我通过添加一个检查keyExtractor.apply(t)!=null来忽略空键。

public static <T> Predicate<T> distinctByKey(Function<? super T, ?> keyExtractor) {
Set<Object> seen = ConcurrentHashMap.newKeySet();
return t -> keyExtractor.apply(t)!=null && seen.add(keyExtractor.apply(t));

}

不同的对象列表可以使用:

 List distinctPersons = persons.stream()
                    .collect(Collectors.collectingAndThen(
                            Collectors.toCollection(() -> new TreeSet<>(Comparator.comparing(Person:: getName))),
                            ArrayList::new));