如何在Java中声明和初始化数组?


当前回答

package com.examplehub.basics;

import java.util.Arrays;

public class Array {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int[] numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

        /*
         * numbers[0] = 1
         * numbers[1] = 2
         * numbers[2] = 3
         * numbers[3] = 4
         * numbers[4] = 5
         */
        System.out.println("numbers[0] = " + numbers[0]);
        System.out.println("numbers[1] = " + numbers[1]);
        System.out.println("numbers[2] = " + numbers[2]);
        System.out.println("numbers[3] = " + numbers[3]);
        System.out.println("numbers[4] = " + numbers[4]);

        /*
         * Array index is out of bounds
         */
        //System.out.println(numbers[-1]);
        //System.out.println(numbers[5]);


        /*
         * numbers[0] = 1
         * numbers[1] = 2
         * numbers[2] = 3
         * numbers[3] = 4
         * numbers[4] = 5
         */
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            System.out.println("numbers[" + i + "] = " + numbers[i]);
        }

        /*
         * Length of numbers = 5
         */
        System.out.println("length of numbers = " + numbers.length);

        /*
         * numbers[0] = 1
         * numbers[1] = 2
         * numbers[2] = 3
         * numbers[3] = 4
         * numbers[4] = 5
         */
        for (int i = 0; i < numbers.length; i++) {
            System.out.println("numbers[" + i + "] = " + numbers[i]);
        }

        /*
         * numbers[4] = 5
         * numbers[3] = 4
         * numbers[2] = 3
         * numbers[1] = 2
         * numbers[0] = 1
         */
        for (int i = numbers.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
            System.out.println("numbers[" + i + "] = " + numbers[i]);
        }

        /*
         * 12345
         */
        for (int number : numbers) {
            System.out.print(number);
        }
        System.out.println();

        /*
         * [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
         */
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(numbers));



        String[] company = {"Google", "Facebook", "Amazon", "Microsoft"};

        /*
         * company[0] = Google
         * company[1] = Facebook
         * company[2] = Amazon
         * company[3] = Microsoft
         */
        for (int i = 0; i < company.length; i++) {
            System.out.println("company[" + i + "] = " + company[i]);
        }

        /*
         * Google
         * Facebook
         * Amazon
         * Microsoft
         */
        for (String c : company) {
            System.out.println(c);
        }

        /*
         * [Google, Facebook, Amazon, Microsoft]
         */
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(company));

        int[][] twoDimensionalNumbers = {
                {1, 2, 3},
                {4, 5, 6, 7},
                {8, 9},
                {10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15}
        };

        /*
         * total rows  = 4
         */
        System.out.println("total rows  = " + twoDimensionalNumbers.length);

        /*
         * row 0 length = 3
         * row 1 length = 4
         * row 2 length = 2
         * row 3 length = 6
         */
        for (int i = 0; i < twoDimensionalNumbers.length; i++) {
            System.out.println("row " + i + " length = " + twoDimensionalNumbers[i].length);
        }

        /*
         * row 0 = 1 2 3
         * row 1 = 4 5 6 7
         * row 2 = 8 9
         * row 3 = 10 11 12 13 14 15
         */
        for (int i = 0; i < twoDimensionalNumbers.length; i++) {
            System.out.print("row " + i + " = ");
            for (int j = 0; j < twoDimensionalNumbers[i].length; j++) {
                System.out.print(twoDimensionalNumbers[i][j] + " ");
            }
            System.out.println();
        }

        /*
         * row 0 = [1, 2, 3]
         * row 1 = [4, 5, 6, 7]
         * row 2 = [8, 9]
         * row 3 = [10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]
         */
        for (int i = 0; i < twoDimensionalNumbers.length; i++) {
            System.out.println("row " + i + " = " + Arrays.toString(twoDimensionalNumbers[i]));
        }

        /*
         * 1 2 3
         * 4 5 6 7
         * 8 9
         * 10 11 12 13 14 15
         */
        for (int[] ints : twoDimensionalNumbers) {
            for (int num : ints) {
                System.out.print(num + " ");
            }
            System.out.println();
        }

        /*
         * [1, 2, 3]
         * [4, 5, 6, 7]
         * [8, 9]
         * [10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]
         */
        for (int[] ints : twoDimensionalNumbers) {
            System.out.println(Arrays.toString(ints));
        }


        int length = 5;
        int[] array = new int[length];
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            array[i] = i + 1;
        }

        /*
         * [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
         */
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(array));

    }
}

来源于examplehub/java

其他回答

制作阵列有两种主要方法:

对于空数组:

int[] array = new int[n]; // "n" being the number of spaces to allocate in the array

对于一个初始化的数组:

int[] array = {1,2,3,4 ...};

您还可以创建多维数组,如下所示:

int[][] array2d = new int[x][y]; // "x" and "y" specify the dimensions
int[][] array2d = { {1,2,3 ...}, {4,5,6 ...} ...};

有多种方法可以在Java中声明数组:

float floatArray[]; // Initialize later
int[] integerArray = new int[10];
String[] array = new String[] {"a", "b"};

您可以在Sun教程网站和JavaDoc中找到更多信息。

或者,

// Either method works
String arrayName[] = new String[10];
String[] arrayName = new String[10];

它声明了一个名为arrayName的数组,大小为10(您可以使用元素0到9)。

在Java8中,您可以使用类似的功能。

String[] strs = IntStream.range(0, 15)  // 15 is the size
    .mapToObj(i -> Integer.toString(i))
    .toArray(String[]::new);

根据数组的定义,数组可以包含基元数据类型以及类的对象。对于基元数据类型,实际值存储在相邻的内存位置。对于类的对象,实际对象存储在堆段中。

一维阵列:

一维数组声明的一般形式是

type var-name[];
OR
type[] var-name;

在Java中实例化数组

var-name = new type [size];

例如

int intArray[];  // Declaring an array
intArray = new int[20];  // Allocating memory to the array

// The below line is equal to line1 + line2
int[] intArray = new int[20]; // Combining both statements in one
int[] intArray = new int[]{ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 };

// Accessing the elements of the specified array
for (int i = 0; i < intArray.length; i++)
    System.out.println("Element at index " + i + ": "+ intArray[i]);

参考:Java中的数组