对于无法正确调试使用JNI的程序的真正问题(或者在调试器下运行时不出现错误):

在这种情况下，在JNI调用(即所有本机方法都是私有的，类中的公共方法调用它们)周围添加Java包装器通常会有所帮助，这些包装器会做一些基本的完整性检查(检查所有“对象”都被释放，释放后“对象”没有被使用)或同步(将所有方法从一个DLL同步到单个对象实例)。让java包装器方法记录错误并抛出异常。

这通常有助于发现真正的错误(令人惊讶的是，这些错误主要出现在Java代码中，不遵守被调用函数的语义，导致一些讨厌的double-free或类似的情况)，比尝试在本地调试器中调试大型并行Java程序更容易……

如果您知道原因，请将代码保存在可以避免该原因的包装器方法中。最好让你的包装器方法抛出异常，而不是你的JNI代码崩溃VM…

简单来说，使用catch(…)。但是，请注意catch(…)是与throw结合使用的;基本上:

try{
    foo = new Foo;
    bar = new Bar;
}
catch(...)       // will catch all possible errors thrown. 
{ 
    delete foo;
    delete bar;
    throw;       // throw the same error again to be handled somewhere else
}

这是使用catch(…)的正确方法。

如果你正在寻找特定于windows的解决方案，那么有结构化异常处理: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/cpp/try-except-statement

代码如下所示

__try
{
   // code here may throw or make access violation
}
__except( EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER )
{
    // after exception code here, e.g. log the error
}

它不仅可以捕获c++异常，还可以捕获访问违规或其他系统异常。

Can you run your JNI-using Java application from a console window (launch it from a java command line) to see if there is any report of what may have been detected before the JVM was crashed. When running directly as a Java window application, you may be missing messages that would appear if you ran from a console window instead. Secondly, can you stub your JNI DLL implementation to show that methods in your DLL are being entered from JNI, you are returning properly, etc? Just in case the problem is with an incorrect use of one of the JNI-interface methods from the C++ code, have you verified that some simple JNI examples compile and work with your setup? I'm thinking in particular of using the JNI-interface methods for converting parameters to native C++ formats and turning function results into Java types. It is useful to stub those to make sure that the data conversions are working and you are not going haywire in the COM-like calls into the JNI interface. There are other things to check, but it is hard to suggest any without knowing more about what your native Java methods are and what the JNI implementation of them is trying to do. It is not clear that catching an exception from the C++ code level is related to your problem. (You can use the JNI interface to rethrow the exception as a Java one, but it is not clear from what you provide that this is going to help.)

有人应该补充说，在c++代码中无法捕捉“崩溃”。它们不会抛出异常，而是做任何它们喜欢做的事情。当你看到一个程序因为空指针的解引用而崩溃时，它正在做未定义的行为。没有std::null_pointer_exception。试图捕捉异常在那里没有帮助。

只是为了以防万一，有人正在阅读这篇文章，并认为他可以得到程序崩溃的原因。应该使用像gdb这样的调试器。

通用的异常捕获机制 会非常有用。

表示怀疑。你已经知道你的代码坏了，因为它崩溃了。进食异常可能会掩盖这一点，但这可能只会导致更糟糕、更微妙的错误。

你真正需要的是一个调试器……