问题通过以下方式解决:

 Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
  bundle.putSerializable("data", bigdata);
...
  CacheHelper.saveState(bundle,"DATA");
  Intent intent = new Intent(mActivity, AActivity.class);
  startActivity(intent, bb);// do not put data to intent.

In Activity:
   @Override
   protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        Bundle bundle = CacheHelper.getInstance().loadState(Constants.DATA);
        if (bundle != null){
            Intent intent = getIntent();
            intent.putExtras(bundle);
        }
        getIntent().getExtra(..);
        ....
   }
   @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        CacheHelper.clearState("DATA");
    }

public class CacheHelper {

    public static void saveState(Bundle savedInstanceState, String name) {
        Bundle saved = (Bundle) savedInstanceState.clone();
        save(name, saved);
    }
    public Bundle loadState(String name) {

        Object object = load(name);
        if (object != null) {
            Bundle bundle = (Bundle) object;
            return bundle;
        }
        return null;
    }
    private static void save(String fileName, Bundle object) {
        try {
            String path = StorageUtils.getFullPath(fileName);
            File file = new File(path);
            if (file.exists()) {
                file.delete();
            }
            FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(path, false);

            Parcel p = Parcel.obtain(); //creating empty parcel object
            object.writeToParcel(p, 0); //saving bundle as parcel
            //parcel.writeBundle(bundle);
            fos.write(p.marshall()); //writing parcel to file

            fos.flush();
            fos.close();

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    private static Bundle load(String fileName) {
        try {
            String path = StorageUtils.getFullPath(fileName);
            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(path);

            byte[] array = new byte[(int) fis.getChannel().size()];
            fis.read(array, 0, array.length);

            Parcel parcel = Parcel.obtain(); //creating empty parcel object
            parcel.unmarshall(array, 0, array.length);
            parcel.setDataPosition(0);
            Bundle out = parcel.readBundle();
            out.putAll(out);

            fis.close();
            parcel.recycle();
            return out;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }
public static void clearState(Activity ac) {
    String name = ac.getClass().getName();
    String path = StorageUtils.getFullPath(name);
    File file = new File(path);
    if (file.exists()) {
        file.delete();
    }
}
}

有时活动包括一些片段时，活动需要完全重新创建片段内容， 如果sportFragmentManager.fragments没有清晰的历史片段

    val fragments = sportFragmentManager.fragments
    val transaction = sportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
    for (frag in fragments){
        transaction.remove(frag)
    }
    transaction.commitAllowingStateLoss()

几次重新创建片段活动将发生(调试使用tooLargeTool)

 W/ActivityStopInfo: Bundle stats:
 W/ActivityStopInfo:   android:viewHierarchyState [size=2304]
 W/ActivityStopInfo:     android:views [size=2256]
 W/ActivityStopInfo:   android:support:fragments [size=519072]
 W/ActivityStopInfo: PersistableBundle stats:
 W/ActivityStopInfo:   [null]

对我来说，它也是FragmentStatePagerAdapter，然而覆盖saveState()不起作用。以下是我的解决方法:

当调用FragmentStatePagerAdapter构造函数时，在类中保持一个单独的片段列表，并添加一个方法来删除这些片段:

class PagerAdapter extends FragmentStatePagerAdapter {
    ArrayList<Fragment> items;

    PagerAdapter(ArrayList<Fragment> frags) {
        super(getFragmentManager()); //or getChildFragmentManager() or getSupportFragmentManager()
        this.items = new ArrayList<>();
        this.items.addAll(frags);
    }

    public void removeFragments() {
        Iterator<Fragment> iter = items.iterator();

        while (iter.hasNext()) {
            Fragment item = iter.next();
                getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().remove(item).commit();
                iter.remove();
            }
            notifyDataSetChanged();
        }
    }
    //...getItem() and etc methods...
}

然后在Activity中，保存ViewPager的位置，并在重写的onSaveInstanceState()方法中调用adapter.removeFragments():

private int pagerPosition;

@Override
public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
    super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
    //save other view state here
    pagerPosition = mViewPager.getCurrentItem();
    adapter.removeFragments();
}

最后，在重写的onResume()方法中，如果适配器不为空，则重新实例化它。(如果它是空的，那么Activity是第一次被打开或应用程序被Android杀死后，onCreate将做适配器创建。)

@Override
public void onResume() {
    super.onResume();
    if (adapter != null) {
        adapter = new PagerAdapter(frags);
        mViewPager.setAdapter(adapter);
        mViewPager.setCurrentItem(currentTabPosition);
    }
}

如果您需要调查哪个包裹导致了崩溃，您应该考虑尝试TooLargeTool。

(我发现这是@Max Spencer在接受答案下的评论，这对我的情况很有帮助。)

这个问题没有一个特定的原因。对我来说，在我的Fragment课上我是这样做的:

public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);
    View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.snacks_layout, container); //<-- notice the absence of the false argument
    return rootView;
}

而不是这样:

View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.softs_layout, container, false);

这可能发生，因为活动“A”可能有片段，当你导航到活动“B”时。

则活动“A”的活动生命周期为

OnResume - > OnPause () > OnSavedInsanceState ()

这里的OnSavedInsanceState可能会导致崩溃，因为它不能保存太多数据的状态。因此，尝试通过添加以下代码来清除活动“A”的saveInsatnce。

 @Override
protected void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle oldInstanceState) {
    super.onSaveInstanceState(oldInstanceState);
    if (oldInstanceState != null) {
        oldInstanceState.clear();
    }

}