你如何从给定的N个数字中测试所有可能的加法组合,使它们加起来得到给定的最终数字?

一个简单的例子:

要添加的数字集:N ={1,5,22,15,0,…} 期望结果:12345


当前回答

Java解决方案的Swift 3转换(by @JeremyThompson)

protocol _IntType { }
extension Int: _IntType {}


extension Array where Element: _IntType {

    func subsets(to: Int) -> [[Element]]? {

        func sum_up_recursive(_ numbers: [Element], _ target: Int, _ partial: [Element], _ solution: inout [[Element]]) {

            var sum: Int = 0
            for x in partial {
                sum += x as! Int
            }

            if sum == target {
                solution.append(partial)
            }

            guard sum < target else {
                return
            }

            for i in stride(from: 0, to: numbers.count, by: 1) {

                var remaining = [Element]()

                for j in stride(from: i + 1, to: numbers.count, by: 1) {
                    remaining.append(numbers[j])
                }

                var partial_rec = [Element](partial)
                partial_rec.append(numbers[i])

                sum_up_recursive(remaining, target, partial_rec, &solution)
            }
        }

        var solutions = [[Element]]()
        sum_up_recursive(self, to, [Element](), &solutions)

        return solutions.count > 0 ? solutions : nil
    }

}

用法:

let numbers = [3, 9, 8, 4, 5, 7, 10]

if let solution = numbers.subsets(to: 15) {
    print(solution) // output: [[3, 8, 4], [3, 5, 7], [8, 7], [5, 10]]
} else {
    print("not possible")
}

其他回答

用excel找到组合(相当容易)。 (你的电脑不能太慢)

去这个网站 进入“Sum to Target”页面 下载“Sum to Target”excel文件。 按照网站页面上的说明操作。

希望这能有所帮助。

Perl版本(前导答案):

use strict;

sub subset_sum {
  my ($numbers, $target, $result, $sum) = @_;

  print 'sum('.join(',', @$result).") = $target\n" if $sum == $target;
  return if $sum >= $target;

  subset_sum([@$numbers[$_ + 1 .. $#$numbers]], $target, 
             [@{$result||[]}, $numbers->[$_]], $sum + $numbers->[$_])
    for (0 .. $#$numbers);
}

subset_sum([3,9,8,4,5,7,10,6], 15);

结果:

sum(3,8,4) = 15
sum(3,5,7) = 15
sum(9,6) = 15
sum(8,7) = 15
sum(4,5,6) = 15
sum(5,10) = 15

Javascript版本:

const subsetSum = (numbers, target, partial = [], sum = 0) => { If (sum < target) 数字。forEach((num, i) => subsetSum(数字。Slice (i + 1), target, partial.concat([num]), sum + num)); Else if (sum == target) console.log(的总和(% s) = % s, partial.join(),目标); } subsetSum([3、9、8、4、5、7、10、6],15);

Javascript一行实际返回结果(而不是打印它):

const subsetSum = (n, t, p = [], s = 0, r = []) = > (s < t ? n.forEach ((l i) = > subsetSum (n.slice (i + 1), t,[……p、l], s + l r)): s = = t ? r.push (p): 0, r); console.log (subsetSum([3、9、8、4、5、7、10、6],15));

我最喜欢的是带有回调的一行语句:

const subsetSum = (n, t,辛西娅·布雷齐尔,p =黑铝,s = 0) = > s & lt; t ? n.forEach ((l, i) = > subsetSum (n.slice (i + 1)、t、辛西娅·布雷齐尔,黑... p, l铝,s + l)): s = = t ?辛西娅·布雷齐尔(p): 0; 子集([3,9,8,4,5,7,10,6],15,console.log);

这是R中的一个解

subset_sum = function(numbers,target,partial=0){
  if(any(is.na(partial))) return()
  s = sum(partial)
  if(s == target) print(sprintf("sum(%s)=%s",paste(partial[-1],collapse="+"),target))
  if(s > target) return()
  for( i in seq_along(numbers)){
    n = numbers[i]
    remaining = numbers[(i+1):length(numbers)]
    subset_sum(remaining,target,c(partial,n))
  }
}

下面是一个更好的版本,具有更好的输出格式和c++ 11特性:

void subset_sum_rec(std::vector<int> & nums, const int & target, std::vector<int> & partialNums) 
{
    int currentSum = std::accumulate(partialNums.begin(), partialNums.end(), 0);
    if (currentSum > target)
        return;
    if (currentSum == target) 
    {
        std::cout << "sum([";
        for (auto it = partialNums.begin(); it != std::prev(partialNums.end()); ++it)
            cout << *it << ",";
        cout << *std::prev(partialNums.end());
        std::cout << "])=" << target << std::endl;
    }
    for (auto it = nums.begin(); it != nums.end(); ++it) 
    {
        std::vector<int> remaining;
        for (auto it2 = std::next(it); it2 != nums.end(); ++it2)
            remaining.push_back(*it2);

        std::vector<int> partial = partialNums;
        partial.push_back(*it);
        subset_sum_rec(remaining, target, partial);
    }
}

我不喜欢上面看到的Javascript解决方案。下面是我使用部分应用、闭包和递归构建的一个:

好的,我主要关心的是,如果组合数组能满足目标要求,希望这样你就能找到剩下的组合了

这里只需要设置目标并传递组合数组。

function main() {
    const target = 10
    const getPermutationThatSumT = setTarget(target)
    const permutation = getPermutationThatSumT([1, 4, 2, 5, 6, 7])

    console.log( permutation );
}

我提出的当前实现

function setTarget(target) {
    let partial = [];

    return function permute(input) {
        let i, removed;
        for (i = 0; i < input.length; i++) {
            removed = input.splice(i, 1)[0];
            partial.push(removed);

            const sum = partial.reduce((a, b) => a + b)
            if (sum === target) return partial.slice()
            if (sum < target) permute(input)

            input.splice(i, 0, removed);
            partial.pop();
        }
        return null
    };
}