你如何从给定的N个数字中测试所有可能的加法组合,使它们加起来得到给定的最终数字?
一个简单的例子:
要添加的数字集:N ={1,5,22,15,0,…} 期望结果:12345
你如何从给定的N个数字中测试所有可能的加法组合,使它们加起来得到给定的最终数字?
一个简单的例子:
要添加的数字集:N ={1,5,22,15,0,…} 期望结果:12345
当前回答
另一个python解决方案是使用itertools.combination模块,如下所示:
#!/usr/local/bin/python
from itertools import combinations
def find_sum_in_list(numbers, target):
results = []
for x in range(len(numbers)):
results.extend(
[
combo for combo in combinations(numbers ,x)
if sum(combo) == target
]
)
print results
if __name__ == "__main__":
find_sum_in_list([3,9,8,4,5,7,10], 15)
输出:[(8,7),(5,10),(3,8,4),(3,5,7)]
其他回答
这是R中的一个解
subset_sum = function(numbers,target,partial=0){
if(any(is.na(partial))) return()
s = sum(partial)
if(s == target) print(sprintf("sum(%s)=%s",paste(partial[-1],collapse="+"),target))
if(s > target) return()
for( i in seq_along(numbers)){
n = numbers[i]
remaining = numbers[(i+1):length(numbers)]
subset_sum(remaining,target,c(partial,n))
}
}
我在做类似的scala作业。我想在这里发布我的解决方案:
def countChange(money: Int, coins: List[Int]): Int = {
def getCount(money: Int, remainingCoins: List[Int]): Int = {
if(money == 0 ) 1
else if(money < 0 || remainingCoins.isEmpty) 0
else
getCount(money, remainingCoins.tail) +
getCount(money - remainingCoins.head, remainingCoins)
}
if(money == 0 || coins.isEmpty) 0
else getCount(money, coins)
}
这个问题的一个迭代c++堆栈解决方案。与其他迭代解决方案不同的是,它不会对中间序列进行不必要的复制。
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
// Given a positive integer, return all possible combinations of
// positive integers that sum up to it.
std::vector<std::vector<int>> print_all_sum(int target){
std::vector<std::vector<int>> output;
std::vector<int> stack;
int curr_min = 1;
int sum = 0;
while (curr_min < target) {
sum += curr_min;
if (sum >= target) {
if (sum == target) {
output.push_back(stack); // make a copy
output.back().push_back(curr_min);
}
sum -= curr_min + stack.back();
curr_min = stack.back() + 1;
stack.pop_back();
} else {
stack.push_back(curr_min);
}
}
return output;
}
int main()
{
auto vvi = print_all_sum(6);
for (auto const& v: vvi) {
for(auto const& i: v) {
std::cout << i;
}
std::cout << "\n";
}
return 0;
}
输出print_all_sum (6):
111111
11112
1113
1122
114
123
15
222
24
33
c#版本的@msalvadores代码的答案
void Main()
{
int[] numbers = {3,9,8,4,5,7,10};
int target = 15;
sum_up(new List<int>(numbers.ToList()),target);
}
static void sum_up_recursive(List<int> numbers, int target, List<int> part)
{
int s = 0;
foreach (int x in part)
{
s += x;
}
if (s == target)
{
Console.WriteLine("sum(" + string.Join(",", part.Select(n => n.ToString()).ToArray()) + ")=" + target);
}
if (s >= target)
{
return;
}
for (int i = 0;i < numbers.Count;i++)
{
var remaining = new List<int>();
int n = numbers[i];
for (int j = i + 1; j < numbers.Count;j++)
{
remaining.Add(numbers[j]);
}
var part_rec = new List<int>(part);
part_rec.Add(n);
sum_up_recursive(remaining,target,part_rec);
}
}
static void sum_up(List<int> numbers, int target)
{
sum_up_recursive(numbers,target,new List<int>());
}
我想我应该用这个问题的答案,但我不能,所以这是我的答案。它使用的是《计算机程序的结构和解释》中答案的修改版本。我认为这是一个更好的递归解,应该更能取悦纯粹主义者。
我的答案是用Scala(如果我的Scala很烂,我很抱歉,我刚刚开始学习)。findsumcombination的疯狂之处在于对递归的原始列表进行排序和惟一,以防止欺骗。
def findSumCombinations(target: Int, numbers: List[Int]): Int = {
cc(target, numbers.distinct.sortWith(_ < _), List())
}
def cc(target: Int, numbers: List[Int], solution: List[Int]): Int = {
if (target == 0) {println(solution); 1 }
else if (target < 0 || numbers.length == 0) 0
else
cc(target, numbers.tail, solution)
+ cc(target - numbers.head, numbers, numbers.head :: solution)
}
使用它:
> findSumCombinations(12345, List(1,5,22,15,0,..))
* Prints a whole heap of lists that will sum to the target *