import java.util.*;

public class Main{

     int recursionDepth = 0;
     private int[][] memo;

     public static void main(String []args){
         int[] nums = new int[] {5,2,4,3,1};
         int N = nums.length;
         Main main =  new Main();
         main.memo = new int[N+1][N+1];
         main._findCombo(0, N-1,nums, 8, 0, new LinkedList() );
         System.out.println(main.recursionDepth);
     }


       private void _findCombo(
           int from,
           int to,
           int[] nums,
           int targetSum,
           int currentSum,
           LinkedList<Integer> list){

            if(memo[from][to] != 0) {
                currentSum = currentSum + memo[from][to];
            }

            if(currentSum > targetSum) {
                return;
            }

            if(currentSum ==  targetSum) {
                System.out.println("Found - " +list);
                return;
            }

            recursionDepth++;

           for(int i= from ; i <= to; i++){
               list.add(nums[i]);
               memo[from][i] = currentSum + nums[i];
               _findCombo(i+1, to,nums, targetSum, memo[from][i], list);
                list.removeLast();
           }

     }
}

我不喜欢上面看到的Javascript解决方案。下面是我使用部分应用、闭包和递归构建的一个:

好的，我主要关心的是，如果组合数组能满足目标要求，希望这样你就能找到剩下的组合了

这里只需要设置目标并传递组合数组。

function main() {
    const target = 10
    const getPermutationThatSumT = setTarget(target)
    const permutation = getPermutationThatSumT([1, 4, 2, 5, 6, 7])

    console.log( permutation );
}

我提出的当前实现

function setTarget(target) {
    let partial = [];

    return function permute(input) {
        let i, removed;
        for (i = 0; i < input.length; i++) {
            removed = input.splice(i, 1)[0];
            partial.push(removed);

            const sum = partial.reduce((a, b) => a + b)
            if (sum === target) return partial.slice()
            if (sum < target) permute(input)

            input.splice(i, 0, removed);
            partial.pop();
        }
        return null
    };
}

另一个python解决方案是使用itertools.combination模块，如下所示:

#!/usr/local/bin/python

from itertools import combinations

def find_sum_in_list(numbers, target):
    results = []
    for x in range(len(numbers)):
        results.extend(
            [   
                combo for combo in combinations(numbers ,x)  
                    if sum(combo) == target
            ]   
        )   

    print results

if __name__ == "__main__":
    find_sum_in_list([3,9,8,4,5,7,10], 15)

输出:[(8,7)，(5,10)，(3,8,4)，(3,5,7)]

我想我应该用这个问题的答案，但我不能，所以这是我的答案。它使用的是《计算机程序的结构和解释》中答案的修改版本。我认为这是一个更好的递归解，应该更能取悦纯粹主义者。

我的答案是用Scala(如果我的Scala很烂，我很抱歉，我刚刚开始学习)。findsumcombination的疯狂之处在于对递归的原始列表进行排序和惟一，以防止欺骗。

def findSumCombinations(target: Int, numbers: List[Int]): Int = {
  cc(target, numbers.distinct.sortWith(_ < _), List())
}

def cc(target: Int, numbers: List[Int], solution: List[Int]): Int = {
  if (target == 0) {println(solution); 1 }
  else if (target < 0 || numbers.length == 0) 0
  else 
    cc(target, numbers.tail, solution) 
    + cc(target - numbers.head, numbers, numbers.head :: solution)
}

使用它:

 > findSumCombinations(12345, List(1,5,22,15,0,..))
 * Prints a whole heap of lists that will sum to the target *

Excel VBA版本如下。我需要在VBA中实现这一点(不是我的偏好，不要评判我!)，并使用本页上的答案作为方法。我上传以防其他人也需要VBA版本。

Option Explicit

Public Sub SumTarget()
    Dim numbers(0 To 6)  As Long
    Dim target As Long

    target = 15
    numbers(0) = 3: numbers(1) = 9: numbers(2) = 8: numbers(3) = 4: numbers(4) = 5
    numbers(5) = 7: numbers(6) = 10

    Call SumUpTarget(numbers, target)
End Sub

Public Sub SumUpTarget(numbers() As Long, target As Long)
    Dim part() As Long
    Call SumUpRecursive(numbers, target, part)
End Sub

Private Sub SumUpRecursive(numbers() As Long, target As Long, part() As Long)

    Dim s As Long, i As Long, j As Long, num As Long
    Dim remaining() As Long, partRec() As Long
    s = SumArray(part)

    If s = target Then Debug.Print "SUM ( " & ArrayToString(part) & " ) = " & target
    If s >= target Then Exit Sub

    If (Not Not numbers) <> 0 Then
        For i = 0 To UBound(numbers)
            Erase remaining()
            num = numbers(i)
            For j = i + 1 To UBound(numbers)
                AddToArray remaining, numbers(j)
            Next j
            Erase partRec()
            CopyArray partRec, part
            AddToArray partRec, num
            SumUpRecursive remaining, target, partRec
        Next i
    End If

End Sub

Private Function ArrayToString(x() As Long) As String
    Dim n As Long, result As String
    result = "{" & x(n)
    For n = LBound(x) + 1 To UBound(x)
        result = result & "," & x(n)
    Next n
    result = result & "}"
    ArrayToString = result
End Function

Private Function SumArray(x() As Long) As Long
    Dim n As Long
    SumArray = 0
    If (Not Not x) <> 0 Then
        For n = LBound(x) To UBound(x)
            SumArray = SumArray + x(n)
        Next n
    End If
End Function

Private Sub AddToArray(arr() As Long, x As Long)
    If (Not Not arr) <> 0 Then
        ReDim Preserve arr(0 To UBound(arr) + 1)
    Else
        ReDim Preserve arr(0 To 0)
    End If
    arr(UBound(arr)) = x
End Sub

Private Sub CopyArray(destination() As Long, source() As Long)
    Dim n As Long
    If (Not Not source) <> 0 Then
        For n = 0 To UBound(source)
                AddToArray destination, source(n)
        Next n
    End If
End Sub

输出(写入立即窗口)应该是:

SUM ( {3,8,4} ) = 15
SUM ( {3,5,7} ) = 15
SUM ( {8,7} ) = 15
SUM ( {5,10} ) = 15 

这也可以用来打印所有的答案

public void recur(int[] a, int n, int sum, int[] ans, int ind) {
    if (n < 0 && sum != 0)
        return;
    if (n < 0 && sum == 0) {
        print(ans, ind);
        return;
    }
    if (sum >= a[n]) {
        ans[ind] = a[n];
        recur(a, n - 1, sum - a[n], ans, ind + 1);
    }
    recur(a, n - 1, sum, ans, ind);
}

public void print(int[] a, int n) {
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        System.out.print(a[i] + " ");
    System.out.println();
}

时间复杂度是指数级的。2^n的阶