你如何从给定的N个数字中测试所有可能的加法组合,使它们加起来得到给定的最终数字?

一个简单的例子:

要添加的数字集:N ={1,5,22,15,0,…} 期望结果:12345


当前回答

这类似于硬币更换问题

public class CoinCount 
{   
public static void main(String[] args)
{
    int[] coins={1,4,6,2,3,5};
    int count=0;

    for (int i=0;i<coins.length;i++)
    {
        count=count+Count(9,coins,i,0);
    }
    System.out.println(count);
}

public static int Count(int Sum,int[] coins,int index,int curSum)
{
    int count=0;

    if (index>=coins.length)
        return 0;

    int sumNow=curSum+coins[index];
    if (sumNow>Sum)
        return 0;
    if (sumNow==Sum)
        return 1;

    for (int i= index+1;i<coins.length;i++)
        count+=Count(Sum,coins,i,sumNow);

    return count;       
}
}

其他回答

下面是一个Java版本,它非常适合小N和非常大的目标和,当复杂度O(t*N)(动态解)大于指数算法时。我的版本在中间攻击中使用了一个meet,并进行了一些调整,以降低复杂度,从经典的naive O(n*2^n)降低到O(2^(n/2))。

如果你想在32到64个元素之间的集合中使用这种方法,你应该将表示step函数中当前子集的int改为long,尽管随着集合大小的增加,性能显然会急剧下降。如果你想对一个有奇数个元素的集合使用这个,你应该给这个集合加上一个0,使它成为偶数。

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class SubsetSumMiddleAttack {
    static final int target = 100000000;
    static final int[] set = new int[]{ ... };

    static List<Subset> evens = new ArrayList<>();
    static List<Subset> odds = new ArrayList<>();

    static int[][] split(int[] superSet) {
        int[][] ret = new int[2][superSet.length / 2]; 

        for (int i = 0; i < superSet.length; i++) ret[i % 2][i / 2] = superSet[i];

        return ret;
    }

    static void step(int[] superSet, List<Subset> accumulator, int subset, int sum, int counter) {
        accumulator.add(new Subset(subset, sum));
        if (counter != superSet.length) {
            step(superSet, accumulator, subset + (1 << counter), sum + superSet[counter], counter + 1);
            step(superSet, accumulator, subset, sum, counter + 1);
        }
    }

    static void printSubset(Subset e, Subset o) {
        String ret = "";
        for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
            if (i % 2 == 0) {
                if ((1 & (e.subset >> (i / 2))) == 1) ret += " + " + set[i];
            }
            else {
                if ((1 & (o.subset >> (i / 2))) == 1) ret += " + " + set[i];
            }
        }
        if (ret.startsWith(" ")) ret = ret.substring(3) + " = " + (e.sum + o.sum);
        System.out.println(ret);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int[][] superSets = split(set);

        step(superSets[0], evens, 0,0,0);
        step(superSets[1], odds, 0,0,0);

        for (Subset e : evens) {
            for (Subset o : odds) {
                if (e.sum + o.sum == target) printSubset(e, o);
            }
        }
    }
}

class Subset {
    int subset;
    int sum;

    Subset(int subset, int sum) {
        this.subset = subset;
        this.sum = sum;
    }
}
Thank you.. ephemient

我已经将上述逻辑从python转换为php..

<?php
$data = array(array(2,3,5,10,15),array(4,6,23,15,12),array(23,34,12,1,5));
$maxsum = 25;

print_r(bestsum($data,$maxsum));  //function call

function bestsum($data,$maxsum)
{
$res = array_fill(0, $maxsum + 1, '0');
$res[0] = array();              //base case
foreach($data as $group)
{
 $new_res = $res;               //copy res

  foreach($group as $ele)
  {
    for($i=0;$i<($maxsum-$ele+1);$i++)
    {   
        if($res[$i] != 0)
        {
            $ele_index = $i+$ele;
            $new_res[$ele_index] = $res[$i];
            $new_res[$ele_index][] = $ele;
        }
    }
  }

  $res = $new_res;
}

 for($i=$maxsum;$i>0;$i--)
  {
    if($res[$i]!=0)
    {
        return $res[$i];
        break;
    }
  }
return array();
}
?>

这是R中的一个解

subset_sum = function(numbers,target,partial=0){
  if(any(is.na(partial))) return()
  s = sum(partial)
  if(s == target) print(sprintf("sum(%s)=%s",paste(partial[-1],collapse="+"),target))
  if(s > target) return()
  for( i in seq_along(numbers)){
    n = numbers[i]
    remaining = numbers[(i+1):length(numbers)]
    subset_sum(remaining,target,c(partial,n))
  }
}

用excel找到组合(相当容易)。 (你的电脑不能太慢)

去这个网站 进入“Sum to Target”页面 下载“Sum to Target”excel文件。 按照网站页面上的说明操作。

希望这能有所帮助。

import java.util.*;

public class Main{

     int recursionDepth = 0;
     private int[][] memo;

     public static void main(String []args){
         int[] nums = new int[] {5,2,4,3,1};
         int N = nums.length;
         Main main =  new Main();
         main.memo = new int[N+1][N+1];
         main._findCombo(0, N-1,nums, 8, 0, new LinkedList() );
         System.out.println(main.recursionDepth);
     }


       private void _findCombo(
           int from,
           int to,
           int[] nums,
           int targetSum,
           int currentSum,
           LinkedList<Integer> list){

            if(memo[from][to] != 0) {
                currentSum = currentSum + memo[from][to];
            }

            if(currentSum > targetSum) {
                return;
            }

            if(currentSum ==  targetSum) {
                System.out.println("Found - " +list);
                return;
            }

            recursionDepth++;

           for(int i= from ; i <= to; i++){
               list.add(nums[i]);
               memo[from][i] = currentSum + nums[i];
               _findCombo(i+1, to,nums, targetSum, memo[from][i], list);
                list.removeLast();
           }

     }
}