我使用了很多列表和数组，但我还没有遇到一个场景，数组列表不能像链表一样容易使用，如果不是更容易的话。我希望有人能给我一些例子，说明什么时候链表明显更好。
当前回答
To add to the other answers, most array list implementations reserve extra capacity at the end of the list so that new elements can be added to the end of the list in O(1) time. When the capacity of an array list is exceeded, a new, larger array is allocated internally, and all the old elements are copied over. Usually, the new array is double the size of the old one. This means that on average, adding new elements to the end of an array list is an O(1) operation in these implementations. So even if you don't know the number of elements in advance, an array list may still be faster than a linked list for adding elements, as long as you are adding them at the end. Obviously, inserting new elements at arbitrary locations in an array list is still an O(n) operation.
访问数组列表中的元素也比访问链表快，即使访问是顺序的。这是因为数组元素存储在连续的内存中，可以很容易地缓存。链表节点可能分散在许多不同的页面上。
如果知道要在任意位置插入或删除项，我建议只使用链表。数组列表在其他方面会更快。
其他回答
如果您需要在中间插入项，并且不想开始调整数组大小和移动内容，则列表的优势就会显现出来。
你是对的，通常情况下并非如此。我遇到过一些非常具体的案例，但不是很多。
使用链表对数组和多项式操作进行基数排序。
数组具有O(1)随机访问，但是向数组中添加或删除内容的代价非常高。
链表在任何地方添加或删除项目和迭代都非常便宜，但随机访问是O(n)。
在现实中，内存局部性对实际处理的性能有很大的影响。
与随机访问相比，磁盘流在“大数据”处理中的使用越来越多，这表明围绕它构建应用程序可以在更大范围内显著提高性能。
如果存在按顺序访问数组的方法，则这是迄今为止性能最好的方法。如果性能很重要，那么至少应该考虑将此作为设计目标。
To add to the other answers, most array list implementations reserve extra capacity at the end of the list so that new elements can be added to the end of the list in O(1) time. When the capacity of an array list is exceeded, a new, larger array is allocated internally, and all the old elements are copied over. Usually, the new array is double the size of the old one. This means that on average, adding new elements to the end of an array list is an O(1) operation in these implementations. So even if you don't know the number of elements in advance, an array list may still be faster than a linked list for adding elements, as long as you are adding them at the end. Obviously, inserting new elements at arbitrary locations in an array list is still an O(n) operation.
访问数组列表中的元素也比访问链表快，即使访问是顺序的。这是因为数组元素存储在连续的内存中，可以很容易地缓存。链表节点可能分散在许多不同的页面上。
如果知道要在任意位置插入或删除项，我建议只使用链表。数组列表在其他方面会更快。
