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由于原来的答案，extname()已添加到路径模块，请参阅Snowfish答案

最初的回答:

我使用这个函数来获得文件扩展名，因为我没有找到一种更简单的方法(但我认为有):

function getExtension(filename) {
    var ext = path.extname(filename||'').split('.');
    return ext[ext.length - 1];
}

你必须要求'path'才能使用它。

另一个不使用path模块的方法:

function getExtension(filename) {
    var i = filename.lastIndexOf('.');
    return (i < 0) ? '' : filename.substr(i);
}

我相信您可以执行以下操作来获取文件名的扩展名。

var path = require('path')

path.extname('index.html')
// returns
'.html'

如果你想获得一个文件名的所有扩展名(例如filename.css.gz => css.gz)，试试这个:

const ext = 'filename.css.gz'
  .split('.')
  .filter(Boolean) // removes empty extensions (e.g. `filename...txt`)
  .slice(1)
  .join('.')

console.log(ext) // prints 'css.gz'

// you can send full url here
function getExtension(filename) {
    return filename.split('.').pop();
}

如果您正在使用express，请在配置中间件时添加以下行(bodyParser)

app.use(express.bodyParser({ keepExtensions: true}));

使用substr()方法比使用split() & pop()方法更有效

在这里看看性能差异:http://jsperf.com/remove-first-character-from-string

// returns: 'html'
var path = require('path');
path.extname('index.html').substr(1);

Update August 2019 As pointed out by @xentek in the comments; substr() is now considered a legacy function (MDN documentation). You can use substring() instead. The difference between substr() and substring() is that the second argument of substr() is the maximum length to return while the second argument of substring() is the index to stop at (without including that character). Also, substr() accepts negative start positions to be used as an offset from the end of the string while substring() does not.

路径。Extname在大多数情况下都可以。但是，它将包括最后一个.之后的所有内容，包括http请求的查询字符串和散列片段:

var path = require('path')
var extname = path.extname('index.html?username=asdf')
// extname contains '.html?username=asdf'

在这种情况下，你可以尝试这样做:

var regex = /[#\\?]/g; // regex of illegal extension characters
var extname = path.extname('index.html?username=asdf');
var endOfExt = extname.search(regex);
if (endOfExt > -1) {
    extname = extname.substring(0, endOfExt);
}
// extname contains '.html'

请注意，具有多个句点的扩展(例如.tar.gz)在path.extname下根本不起作用。

var fileName = req.files.upload.name;

var arr = fileName.split('.');

var extension = arr[length-1];

一个简单的解决方案，不需要require，解决了多个周期的扩展问题:

var filename = 'file.with.long.extension';
var ext = filename.substring(filename.indexOf('.')); 
//ext = '.with.long.extension'

或者如果你不想要前导点:

var filename = 'file.with.long.extension';
var ext = filename.substring(filename.indexOf('.')+1); 
//ext = 'with.long.extension'

确保测试文件也有扩展名。

这个解决方案支持查询字符串!

var Url = require('url');
var Path = require('path');

var url = 'http://i.imgur.com/Mvv4bx8.jpg?querystring=true';
var result = Path.extname(Url.parse(url).pathname); // '.jpg'

我认为在请求中映射Content-Type头也可以。这将工作的情况下，即使你上传的文件没有扩展名。 (当文件名在请求中没有扩展名)

假设您正在使用HTTP POST发送数据:

POST /upload2 HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost:7098
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 1047799
Accept: */*
Origin: http://localhost:63342
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML,    like Gecko) Chrome/51.0.2704.106 Safari/537.36
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----   WebKitFormBoundaryPDULZN8DYK3VppPp
Referer: http://localhost:63342/Admin/index.html? _ijt=3a6a054pasorvrljf8t8ea0j4h
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8,az;q=0.6,tr;q=0.4
Request Payload
------WebKitFormBoundaryPDULZN8DYK3VppPp
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="image"; filename="blob"
Content-Type: image/png


------WebKitFormBoundaryPDULZN8DYK3VppPp--

这里name Content-Type头包含数据的mime类型。 将此mime类型映射到扩展名将得到文件扩展名:)。

Restify BodyParser将此头文件转换为名称类型的属性

File {
  domain: 
   Domain {
     domain: null,
     _events: { .... },
     _eventsCount: 1,
     _maxListeners: undefined,
     members: [ ... ] },
  _events: {},
  _eventsCount: 0,
  _maxListeners: undefined,
  size: 1047621,
  path: '/tmp/upload_2a4ac9ef22f7156180d369162ef08cb8',
  name: 'blob',
  **type: 'image/png'**,
  hash: null,
  lastModifiedDate: Wed Jul 20 2016 16:12:21 GMT+0300 (EEST),
  _writeStream: 
  WriteStream {
   ... },
     writable: true,
     domain: 
     Domain {
        ...
     },
      _events: {},
      _eventsCount: 0,
     _maxListeners: undefined,
     path: '/tmp/upload_2a4ac9ef22f7156180d369162ef08cb8',
     fd: null,
     flags: 'w',
     mode: 438,
     start: undefined,
     pos: undefined,
     bytesWritten: 1047621,
     closed: true } 
}

你可以使用这个头文件并手动进行扩展映射(子字符串等)，但也有现成的库。下面两个是我做谷歌搜索时最重要的结果

mime mime类型

它们的用法也很简单:

 app.post('/upload2', function (req, res) {
  console.log(mime.extension(req.files.image.type));
 }

上面的代码片段将把PNG打印到控制台。

下面的函数分割字符串并返回名称和扩展名，无论扩展名中有多少个点。如果没有扩展名，则返回空字符串。以点和/或空格开头的名字也可以。

function basext(name) {
  name = name.trim()
  const match = name.match(/^(\.+)/)
  let prefix = ''
  if (match) {
    prefix = match[0]
    name = name.replace(prefix, '')
  }
  const index = name.indexOf('.')
  const ext = name.substring(index + 1)
  const base = name.substring(0, index) || ext
  return [prefix + base, base === ext ? '' : ext]
}

const [base, ext] = basext('hello.txt')

导入extname以返回文件的扩展名:

import { extname } from 'path';
extname(file.originalname);

表格的文件名称在哪里

例如，您可以使用path.parse(path)

const path = require('path');
const { ext } = path.parse('/home/user/dir/file.txt');

试试这个

const path = require('path');

function getExt(str) {
  const basename = path.basename(str);
  const firstDot = basename.indexOf('.');
  const lastDot = basename.lastIndexOf('.');
  const extname = path.extname(basename).replace(/(\.[a-z0-9]+).*/i, '$1');

  if (firstDot === lastDot) {
    return extname;
  }

  return basename.slice(firstDot, lastDot) + extname;
}

// all are `.gz`
console.log(getExt('/home/charlike/bar/file.gz'));
console.log(getExt('/home/charlike/bar/file.gz~'));
console.log(getExt('/home/charlike/bar/file.gz+cdf2'));
console.log(getExt('/home/charlike/bar/file.gz?quz=zaz'));

// all are `.tar.gz`
console.log(getExt('/home/charlike/bar/file.tar.gz'));
console.log(getExt('/home/charlike/bar/file.tar.gz~'));
console.log(getExt('/home/charlike/bar/file.tar.gz+cdf2'));
console.log(getExt('/home/charlike/bar/file.tar.gz?quz=zaz'));

扩展String.prototype的一行代码:

Object.defineProperty(String.prototype, "ext", {get: function(x) {return this.split('.').pop()}})
str = 'fox.fbx';
str.ext

结果:

const path = require('path');

function getExt(str) {
  const basename = path
    .basename(str)
    // Patch: for hidden files
    // Removes all dots at the beginning of a line
    .replace(/^(\.+)/i, '');

  const firstDot = basename.indexOf('.');
  const lastDot = basename.lastIndexOf('.');
  const extname = path.extname(basename).replace(/(\.[a-z0-9]+).*/i, '$1');

  if (firstDot === lastDot) {
    return extname;
  }

  return basename.slice(firstDot, lastDot) + extname;
}

const files = [
  '/home/charlike/bar/.hidden.tar.gz~',     // ".tar.gz"
  '/home/charlike/bar/file.tar.gz~',        // ".tar.gz"
  '/home/charlike/bar/file.tar.gz+cdf2',    // ".tar.gz"
  '/home/charlike/bar/file.tar.gz?quz=zaz', // ".tar.gz"
];

const fileAndExt = files.map((file) => [ file, getExt(file) ]);

console.log(JSON.stringify(fileAndExt, null, 2));