我没有看到任何简单的答案涵盖“PARTITION BY”部分，所以我的答案是:

SELECT
    *
FROM (
    select
        CASE WHEN @partitionBy_1 = l THEN @row_number:=@row_number+1 ELSE @row_number:=1 END AS i
        , @partitionBy_1:=l AS p
        , t.*
    from (
        select @row_number:=0,@partitionBy_1:=null
    ) as x
    cross join (
        select 1 as n, 'a' as l
        union all
        select 1 as n, 'b' as l    
        union all
        select 2 as n, 'b' as l    
        union all
        select 2 as n, 'a' as l
        union all
        select 3 as n, 'a' as l    
        union all    
        select 3 as n, 'b' as l    
    ) as t
    ORDER BY l, n
) AS X
where i > 1

The ORDER BY clause must reflect your ROW_NUMBER need. Thus there's already a clear limitation: you can't have several ROW_NUMBER "emulation" of this form at the same time. The order of the "computed column" matters. If you have mysql compute those column in another order, it might not work. In this simple example I only put one but you can have several "PARTITION BY" parts CASE WHEN @partitionBy_1 = part1 AND @partitionBy_2 = part2 [...] THEN @row_number:=@row_number+1 ELSE @row_number:=1 END AS i , @partitionBy_1:=part1 AS P1 , @partitionBy_2:=part2 AS P2 [...] FROM ( SELECT @row_number:=0,@partitionBy_1:=null,@partitionBy_2:=null[...] ) as x

在MySQL中没有像rownum, row_num()这样的函数，但方法如下:

select 
      @s:=@s+1 serial_no, 
      tbl.* 
from my_table tbl, (select @s:=0) as s;

MySQL中没有排名功能。最接近的方法是使用变量:

SELECT t.*, 
       @rownum := @rownum + 1 AS rank
  FROM YOUR_TABLE t, 
       (SELECT @rownum := 0) r

那么在我的案例中这是如何起作用的呢?我需要两个变量，分别代表col1和col2?当col1改变时，Col2需要以某种方式重置…?

是的。如果它是Oracle，您可以使用LEAD函数在下一个值处达到峰值。值得庆幸的是，Quassnoi涵盖了在MySQL中需要实现的逻辑。

行号功能不能被模仿。你可能会得到你期望的结果，但你很可能会在某个阶段失望。 下面是mysql文档说的:

对于其他语句，例如SELECT，您可能会得到您期望的结果，但这并不保证。在下面的语句中，你可能认为MySQL会先计算@a，然后再赋值: SELECT @a， @a:=@a+1，… 但是，涉及用户变量的表达式的求值顺序是未定义的。

问候, 格奥尔基。

从MySQL 8.0.0及以上版本，您可以本机使用窗口函数。

1.4 MySQL 8.0的新特性:

窗口函数。 MySQL现在支持窗口函数，对于查询中的每一行，使用与该行相关的行执行计算。这些函数包括RANK()、LAG()和NTILE()。此外，一些现有的聚合函数现在可以用作窗口函数;例如SUM()和AVG()。

ROW_NUMBER() over_clause:

返回分区内当前行的编号。行号从1到分区行数。 ORDER BY影响行编号的顺序。没有ORDER BY，行编号是不确定的。

演示:

CREATE TABLE Table1(
  id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, col1 INT,col2 INT, col3 TEXT);

INSERT INTO Table1(col1, col2, col3)
VALUES (1,1,'a'),(1,1,'b'),(1,1,'c'),
       (2,1,'x'),(2,1,'y'),(2,2,'z');

SELECT 
    col1, col2,col3,
    ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY col1, col2 ORDER BY col3 DESC) AS intRow
FROM Table1;

DBFiddle演示

我发现最好的解决方案是使用这样的子查询:

SELECT 
    col1, col2, 
    (
        SELECT COUNT(*) 
        FROM Table1
        WHERE col1 = t1.col1
        AND col2 = t1.col2
        AND col3 > t1.col3
    ) AS intRow
FROM Table1 t1

分区BY列只是用'='进行比较，并用and分隔。ORDER BY列将与'<'或'>'进行比较，并以or分隔。

我发现这是非常灵活的，即使它有点昂贵。