是否有一种简单的方法来遍历列名和值对?
我的SQLAlchemy版本是0.5.6
下面是我尝试使用dict(row)的示例代码:
import sqlalchemy
from sqlalchemy import *
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
print "sqlalchemy version:",sqlalchemy.__version__
engine = create_engine('sqlite:///:memory:', echo=False)
metadata = MetaData()
users_table = Table('users', metadata,
Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True),
Column('name', String),
)
metadata.create_all(engine)
class User(declarative_base()):
__tablename__ = 'users'
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
name = Column(String)
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
session = Session()
user1 = User("anurag")
session.add(user1)
session.commit()
# uncommenting next line throws exception 'TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable'
#print dict(user1)
# this one also throws 'TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable'
for u in session.query(User).all():
print dict(u)
在我的系统输出上运行这段代码:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "untitled-1.py", line 37, in <module>
print dict(u)
TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable
如果你的模型表列不需要mysql列。
例如:
class People:
id: int = Column(name='id', type_=Integer, primary_key=True)
createdTime: datetime = Column(name='create_time', type_=TIMESTAMP,
nullable=False,
server_default=text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
default=func.now())
modifiedTime: datetime = Column(name='modify_time', type_=TIMESTAMP,
server_default=text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
default=func.now())
需要使用:
from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper
def asDict(self):
return {x.key: getattr(self, x.key, None) for x in
class_mapper(Application).iterate_properties}
如果你使用这种方式,你可以得到modify_time和create_time都是None
{'id': 1, 'create_time': None, 'modify_time': None}
def to_dict(self):
return {c.name: getattr(self, c.name, None)
for c in self.__table__.columns}
因为类属性名称不等于列存储在mysql
我对马可·马里亚尼(Marco Mariani)的回答有一个变体,以装饰者的身份表达。主要的区别是它将处理实体列表,以及安全地忽略一些其他类型的返回值(这在使用mock编写测试时非常有用):
@decorator
def to_dict(f, *args, **kwargs):
result = f(*args, **kwargs)
if is_iterable(result) and not is_dict(result):
return map(asdict, result)
return asdict(result)
def asdict(obj):
return dict((col.name, getattr(obj, col.name))
for col in class_mapper(obj.__class__).mapped_table.c)
def is_dict(obj):
return isinstance(obj, dict)
def is_iterable(obj):
return True if getattr(obj, '__iter__', False) else False