是否有一种简单的方法来遍历列名和值对?

我的SQLAlchemy版本是0.5.6

下面是我尝试使用dict(row)的示例代码:

import sqlalchemy
from sqlalchemy import *
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker

print "sqlalchemy version:",sqlalchemy.__version__ 

engine = create_engine('sqlite:///:memory:', echo=False)
metadata = MetaData()
users_table = Table('users', metadata,
     Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True),
     Column('name', String),
)
metadata.create_all(engine) 

class User(declarative_base()):
    __tablename__ = 'users'
    
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = Column(String)
    
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
session = Session()

user1 = User("anurag")
session.add(user1)
session.commit()

# uncommenting next line throws exception 'TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable'
#print dict(user1)
# this one also throws 'TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable'
for u in session.query(User).all():
    print dict(u)

在我的系统输出上运行这段代码:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "untitled-1.py", line 37, in <module>
    print dict(u)
TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable

当前回答

有了这段代码,您还可以添加到您的查询“过滤器”或“连接”,这工作!

query = session.query(User)
def query_to_dict(query):
        def _create_dict(r):
            return {c.get('name'): getattr(r, c.get('name')) for c in query.column_descriptions}

    return [_create_dict(r) for r in query]

其他回答

@zzzeek在评论中写道:

注意,这是现代版本的正确答案 SQLAlchemy,假设“row”是核心行对象,而不是orm映射对象 实例。

for row in resultproxy:
    row_as_dict = row._mapping  # SQLAlchemy 1.4 and greater
    # row_as_dict = dict(row)  # SQLAlchemy 1.3 and earlier

行背景。_mapping, SQLAlchemy 1.4新增:https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/stable/core/connections.html#sqlalchemy.engine.Row._mapping

在python 3.8+中,我们可以使用数据类和它附带的asdict方法来实现这一点:

from dataclasses import dataclass, asdict

from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
from sqlalchemy import Column, String, Integer, create_engine

Base = declarative_base()
engine = create_engine('sqlite:///:memory:', echo=False)


@dataclass
class User(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'users'

    id: int = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Column(String)
    email = Column(String)

    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
        self.email = 'hello@example.com'


Base.metadata.create_all(engine)

SessionMaker = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
session = SessionMaker()

user1 = User("anurag")
session.add(user1)
session.commit()

query_result = session.query(User).one()  # type: User
print(f'{query_result.id=:}, {query_result.name=:}, {query_result.email=:}')
# query_result.id=1, query_result.name=anurag, query_result.email=hello@example.com

query_result_dict = asdict(query_result)
print(query_result_dict)
# {'id': 1, 'name': 'anurag'}

关键是使用@dataclass装饰器,并用它的类型(name: str = column (String)行的:str部分)注释每一列。

还要注意,由于电子邮件没有注释,因此它不包括在query_result_dict中。

class User(object):
    def to_dict(self):
        return dict([(k, getattr(self, k)) for k in self.__dict__.keys() if not k.startswith("_")])

这应该有用。

我在这方面没有太多经验,但下面的方法似乎对我来说很有用:

dict(row)

这似乎太简单了(与这里的其他答案相比)。我错过了什么?

有了这段代码,您还可以添加到您的查询“过滤器”或“连接”,这工作!

query = session.query(User)
def query_to_dict(query):
        def _create_dict(r):
            return {c.get('name'): getattr(r, c.get('name')) for c in query.column_descriptions}

    return [_create_dict(r) for r in query]