是否有一种简单的方法来遍历列名和值对?

我的SQLAlchemy版本是0.5.6

下面是我尝试使用dict(row)的示例代码:

import sqlalchemy
from sqlalchemy import *
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker

print "sqlalchemy version:",sqlalchemy.__version__ 

engine = create_engine('sqlite:///:memory:', echo=False)
metadata = MetaData()
users_table = Table('users', metadata,
     Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True),
     Column('name', String),
)
metadata.create_all(engine) 

class User(declarative_base()):
    __tablename__ = 'users'
    
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = Column(String)
    
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
session = Session()

user1 = User("anurag")
session.add(user1)
session.commit()

# uncommenting next line throws exception 'TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable'
#print dict(user1)
# this one also throws 'TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable'
for u in session.query(User).all():
    print dict(u)

在我的系统输出上运行这段代码:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "untitled-1.py", line 37, in <module>
    print dict(u)
TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable

当前回答

我不能得到一个好的答案,所以我用这个:

def row2dict(row):
    d = {}
    for column in row.__table__.columns:
        d[column.name] = str(getattr(row, column.name))

    return d

编辑:如果上面的函数太长,不适合某些口味,这里是一个一行(python 2.7+)

row2dict = lambda r: {c.name: str(getattr(r, c.name)) for c in r.__table__.columns}

其他回答

from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper

def asdict(obj):
    return dict((col.name, getattr(obj, col.name))
                for col in class_mapper(obj.__class__).mapped_table.c)

@zzzeek在评论中写道:

注意,这是现代版本的正确答案 SQLAlchemy,假设“row”是核心行对象,而不是orm映射对象 实例。

for row in resultproxy:
    row_as_dict = row._mapping  # SQLAlchemy 1.4 and greater
    # row_as_dict = dict(row)  # SQLAlchemy 1.3 and earlier

行背景。_mapping, SQLAlchemy 1.4新增:https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/stable/core/connections.html#sqlalchemy.engine.Row._mapping

我是一个新晋的Python程序员,遇到了使用join表获取JSON的问题。使用这里的答案中的信息,我构建了一个函数,将合理的结果返回到JSON,其中包括表名,避免使用别名或字段冲突。

简单地传递会话查询的结果:

test = Session()。查询(VMInfo、客户). join(客户).order_by (VMInfo.vm_name) .limit (50) .offset (10)

json = sqlAl2json(test)

def sqlAl2json(self, result):
    arr = []
    for rs in result.all():
        proc = []
        try:
            iterator = iter(rs)
        except TypeError:
            proc.append(rs)
        else:
            for t in rs:
                proc.append(t)

        dict = {}
        for p in proc:
            tname = type(p).__name__
            for d in dir(p):
                if d.startswith('_') | d.startswith('metadata'):
                    pass
                else:
                    key = '%s_%s' %(tname, d)
                    dict[key] = getattr(p, d)
        arr.append(dict)
    return json.dumps(arr)

你可以试着这样做。

for u in session.query(User).all():
    print(u._asdict())

它使用查询对象中的内置方法返回查询对象的字典对象。

引用:https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/latest/orm/query.html

使用sqlalchemy 1.4

session.execute(select(User.id, User.username)).mappings().all()
>> [{'id': 1, 'username': 'Bob'}, {'id': 2, 'username': 'Alice'}]