如何将SQLAlchemy行对象转换为Python字典?

是否有一种简单的方法来遍历列名和值对?

我的SQLAlchemy版本是0.5.6

下面是我尝试使用dict(row)的示例代码:

import sqlalchemy
from sqlalchemy import *
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker

print "sqlalchemy version:",sqlalchemy.__version__ 

engine = create_engine('sqlite:///:memory:', echo=False)
metadata = MetaData()
users_table = Table('users', metadata,
     Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True),
     Column('name', String),
)
metadata.create_all(engine) 

class User(declarative_base()):
    __tablename__ = 'users'
    
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = Column(String)
    
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
session = Session()

user1 = User("anurag")
session.add(user1)
session.commit()

# uncommenting next line throws exception 'TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable'
#print dict(user1)
# this one also throws 'TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable'
for u in session.query(User).all():
    print dict(u)

在我的系统输出上运行这段代码:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "untitled-1.py", line 37, in <module>
    print dict(u)
TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable

当前回答

Sqlalchemy-utils有get_columns来帮助实现这一点。

你可以这样写:

{column: getattr(row, column) for column in get_columns(row)}

2022-12-02 11:59:20

其他回答

老问题，但由于这是谷歌中“sqlalchemy row to dict”的第一个结果，它值得一个更好的答案。

SqlAlchemy返回的RowProxy对象具有items()方法: http://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/latest/core/connections.html#sqlalchemy.engine.RowProxy.items

它只是返回一个(key, value)元组列表。因此可以使用以下方法将行转换为dict:

在Python中<= 2.6:

rows = conn.execute(query)
list_of_dicts = [dict((key, value) for key, value in row.items()) for row in rows]

在Python中>= 2.7:

rows = conn.execute(query)
list_of_dicts = [{key: value for (key, value) in row.items()} for row in rows]

2016-10-27 21:00:51

Anurag Uniyal版本的改进版本，考虑了类型:

def sa_vars(row):
    return {
        column.name: column.type.python_type(getattr(row, column.name))
        for column in row.__table__.columns
    }

2021-10-29 08:52:34

两种方式:

for row in session.execute(session.query(User).statement):
    print(dict(row))

selected_columns = User.__table__.columns
rows = session.query(User).with_entities(*selected_columns).all()
for row in rows :
    print(row._asdict())

2018-02-06 23:57:47

Elixir是这样做的。这个解决方案的价值在于，它允许递归地包括关系的字典表示。

def to_dict(self, deep={}, exclude=[]):
    """Generate a JSON-style nested dict/list structure from an object."""
    col_prop_names = [p.key for p in self.mapper.iterate_properties \
                                  if isinstance(p, ColumnProperty)]
    data = dict([(name, getattr(self, name))
                 for name in col_prop_names if name not in exclude])
    for rname, rdeep in deep.iteritems():
        dbdata = getattr(self, rname)
        #FIXME: use attribute names (ie coltoprop) instead of column names
        fks = self.mapper.get_property(rname).remote_side
        exclude = [c.name for c in fks]
        if dbdata is None:
            data[rname] = None
        elif isinstance(dbdata, list):
            data[rname] = [o.to_dict(rdeep, exclude) for o in dbdata]
        else:
            data[rname] = dbdata.to_dict(rdeep, exclude)
    return data

2012-04-01 23:09:53

正在迭代的表达式求值为模型对象列表，而不是行。下面是正确的用法:

for u in session.query(User).all():
    print u.id, u.name

你真的需要把它们转换成字典吗?当然，有很多方法，但是你不需要SQLAlchemy的ORM部分:

result = session.execute(User.__table__.select())
for row in result:
    print dict(row)

更新:看一下sqlalchemy.orm.attributes模块。它有一组处理对象状态的函数，这可能对您很有用，特别是instance_dict()。

2009-12-25 05:42:11

如何将SQLAlchemy行对象转换为Python字典?

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