当我尝试连接SQL Server时，我得到以下错误:
在建立与SQL Server的连接时，发生了与网络相关或特定于实例的错误。未找到服务器或无法访问服务器。验证实例名称是否正确，SQL Server是否配置为允许远程连接。(提供商:Named Pipes提供商，错误:40 -无法打开到SQL Server的连接)
当我试图在Visual Studio 2010中将数据库配置为gridview时抛出此错误。我不知道如何调试这个错误。
如何调试此错误?除了错误消息中提到的步骤之外，我还应该采取哪些步骤来确定这里到底发生了什么?
当前回答
如果您突然在生产环境中遇到这个错误，并且没有任何更改，请尝试以下顺序中的4个项目，以查看它是否得到修复。
重新启动SQL server服务。 重新启动调用sql server的服务(比如IIS)。(如果从开始对SQL server的服务调用到最终得到响应错误的时间非常短(大约一到两秒)，那么问题可能就在这里。 重新启动服务器SQL server is on。 重新启动调用服务所在的服务器。
其他回答
总结
要修复在运行本地应用程序与远程数据库时遇到的此问题，请使用SQL Server配置管理器为远程数据库添加别名。
细节
I had run into this problem recently when transitioning from a Windows 7 to a Windows 10 laptop. I was running a local development and runtime environment accessing our Dev database on a remote server. We access the Dev database through a server alias setup through SQL Server Client Network Utility (cliconfg.exe). After confirming that the alias was correctly setup in both the 64 and 32 bit versions of the utility and that the database server was accessible from the new laptop via SSMS, I still got the error seen by the OP (not the OP's IP address, of course).
有必要使用SQL Server Configuration Manager为远程Dev数据库服务器添加别名。把事情都解决了。
我发现以下技巧很有用:
Make sure your database engine is configured to accept remote connections: Start > All Programs > SQL Server 2005 > Configuration Tools > SQL Server Surface Area Configuration Click on Surface Area Configuration for Services and Connections Select the instance that is having a problem > Database Engine > Remote Connections Enable local and remote connections Restart instance You may need to create an exception on the firewall for the SQL Server instance and port you are using: Start > Run > Firewall.cpl Click on exceptions tab Add sqlservr.exe (typically located in C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL.x\MSSQL\Bin, check your installs for the actual folder path) and port (default is 1433) Check your connection string as well From FIX : ERROR : Could not open a connection to SQL Server: Check if your SQL server services is up and running properly: Go to All Programs > Microsoft SQL Server 2008 > Configuration Tools > SQL Server Configuration Manager > SQL Server Services Check to make sure SQL Server service status is Running. In addition, ensure that your remote server is in the same network. Run sqlcmd -L to ascertain if your server is included in your network list. Enable TCP/IP in SQL Server Configuration When two or more SQL Servers are connected across network they do all communication using TCP/IP. The default port of SQL Server installation is 1433. This port can be changed through SQL Server Configuration Manager. TCP/IP should be enabled for SQL Server to be connected. Go to All Programs >> Microsoft SQL Server 2008 >> Configuration Tools >> SQL Server Configuration Manager >> Select TCP/IP Right Click on TCP/IP >> Click on Enable You must restart SQL Server Services for all the changes to take effect. Right click and go to menu properties to select location where default port of SQL Server can be changed.
我这么晚才来，也有同样的问题。对我来说，问题来了，因为我改变了pc名。
似乎您的localdb实例没有运行。 要在计算机启动时启动它，添加到您的开始菜单\启动文件夹BAT文件与以下行
sqllocaldb start name_of_instance
其中name_of_instance是要启动的localdb实例的名称。 您可以使用sqllocaldb i在命令行中列出可用的实例。
例如，如果您正在使用SQL Server Management Studio并连接到服务器名称(localdb)\v11.0，那么您的BAT文件将如下所示
sqllocaldb start v11.0
当我想在另一台PC上运行我的WinForms项目(包括使用SQL Server数据库，并且在我的PC上工作得很好)时，我也犯了同样的错误。问题出在我电脑的Windows防火墙上。我通过添加两条规则来解决这个问题。这是如何允许SQL Server通过Windows防火墙的整个过程:
打开“运行”，输入services.msc 查找用于SQL Server(实例名)和SQL Server Browser的服务。一次一个，右键单击，选择“属性”，复制路径到exe文件 然后打开防火墙。cpl，单击允许应用程序或添加规则，添加之前复制的路径(有一个步骤需要遵循)，选中域和私有，取消选中公共。
这是YouTube的链接，你可以看到这个过程:允许SQL Server通过Windows防火墙
