我必须运行SQL Server浏览器服务到SQL Server配置管理器。 如果没有这个，安装就不能发现新创建的服务。

如果你使用的是快速版:

您需要在服务器名称后添加\SQLEXPRESS

例如我的服务器\ SQLEXPRESS

我使用的是SQL Server 2016和windows 10。

首先是允许远程连接到SQL Server。 我所做的就是键入sqlservermanager13。在开始菜单打开SQL Server配置管理器。确保TCP/IP状态为启用状态。

双击TCP/IP协议名称，检查TCP端口号。通常默认值是1433。

以下步骤通过使用Microsoft管理控制台(MMC)管理单元配置Windows防火墙的高级安全。高级安全Windows防火墙只配置当前配置文件。

To open a port in the Windows firewall for TCP access On the Start menu, click Run, type WF.msc, and then click OK. In the Windows Firewall with Advanced Security, in the left pane, right-click Inbound Rules, and then click New Rule in the action pane. In the Rule Type dialog box, select Port, and then click Next. In the Protocol and Ports dialog box, select TCP. Select Specific local ports, and then type the port number of the instance of the Database Engine, such as 1433 for the default instance. Click Next. In the Action dialog box, select Allow the connection, and then click Next. In the Profile dialog box, select any profiles that describe the computer connection environment when you want to connect to the Database Engine, and then click Next. In the Name dialog box, type a name and description for this rule, and then click Finish.

另一个需要配置的东西。

To open access to SQL Server when using dynamic ports On the Start menu, click Run, type WF.msc, and then click OK. In the Windows Firewall with Advanced Security, in the left pane, right-click Inbound Rules, and then click New Rule in the action pane. In the Rule Type dialog box, select Program, and then click Next. In the Program dialog box, select This program path. Click Browse, and navigate to the instance of SQL Server that you want to access through the firewall, and then click Open. By default, SQL Server is at C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL13.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\Binn\Sqlservr.exe. Click Next. In the Action dialog box, select Allow the connection, and then click Next. In the Profile dialog box, select any profiles that describe the computer connection environment when you want to connect to the Database Engine, and then click Next. In the Name dialog box, type a name and description for this rule, and then click Finish.

看看微软的文档 配置Windows防火墙访问数据库引擎

我也有这个问题，我尝试了这篇文章中建议的所有方法，但没有任何效果。最后，我通过在SQL Server中执行这个查询解决了我的问题

EXEC sp_configure 'remote access', 0 ;  
GO  
RECONFIGURE ;  
GO  

总结

要修复在运行本地应用程序与远程数据库时遇到的此问题，请使用SQL Server配置管理器为远程数据库添加别名。

细节

I had run into this problem recently when transitioning from a Windows 7 to a Windows 10 laptop. I was running a local development and runtime environment accessing our Dev database on a remote server. We access the Dev database through a server alias setup through SQL Server Client Network Utility (cliconfg.exe). After confirming that the alias was correctly setup in both the 64 and 32 bit versions of the utility and that the database server was accessible from the new laptop via SSMS, I still got the error seen by the OP (not the OP's IP address, of course).

有必要使用SQL Server Configuration Manager为远程Dev数据库服务器添加别名。把事情都解决了。

对我来说，解决方案是调用互联网提供商开放端口1433。

出于某种原因，他们阻塞了端口，我甚至无法ping数据库服务器(托管在Azure上)。100%的数据包丢失。

他们打开港口后，一切又恢复了正常。