如何在JavaScript中创建GUID(全球独特识别器)?GUID/UUID应该至少有32个字符,并且应该保持在ASCII范围内,以避免在通过它们时遇到麻烦。
我不确定在所有浏览器上有哪些习惯,如何“随机”和种植内置的随机号码发电机等。
如何在JavaScript中创建GUID(全球独特识别器)?GUID/UUID应该至少有32个字符,并且应该保持在ASCII范围内,以避免在通过它们时遇到麻烦。
我不确定在所有浏览器上有哪些习惯,如何“随机”和种植内置的随机号码发电机等。
当前回答
// RFC 4122
//
// A UUID is 128 bits long
//
// String representation is five fields of 4, 2, 2, 2, and 6 bytes.
// Fields represented as lowercase, zero-filled, hexadecimal strings, and
// are separated by dash characters
//
// A version 4 UUID is generated by setting all but six bits to randomly
// chosen values
var uuid = [
Math.random().toString(16).slice(2, 10),
Math.random().toString(16).slice(2, 6),
// Set the four most significant bits (bits 12 through 15) of the
// time_hi_and_version field to the 4-bit version number from Section
// 4.1.3
(Math.random() * .0625 /* 0x.1 */ + .25 /* 0x.4 */).toString(16).slice(2, 6),
// Set the two most significant bits (bits 6 and 7) of the
// clock_seq_hi_and_reserved to zero and one, respectively
(Math.random() * .25 /* 0x.4 */ + .5 /* 0x.8 */).toString(16).slice(2, 6),
Math.random().toString(16).slice(2, 14)].join('-');
其他回答
简单的JavaScript作为这个问题的最佳答案的组合。
var crypto = window.crypto || window.msCrypto || null; // IE11 fix var Guid = Guid || (function() { var EMPTY = '00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000'; var _padLeft = function(paddingString, width, replacementChar) { return paddingString.length >= width ? paddingString : _padLeft(replacementChar + paddingString, width, replacementChar || ' '); }; var _s4 = function(number) { var hexadecimalResult = number.toString(16); return _padLeft(hexadecimalResult, 4, '0'); }; var _cryptoGuid = function() { var buffer = new window.Uint16Array(8); crypto.getRandomValues(buffer); return [_s4(buffer[0]) + _s4(buffer[1]), _s4(buffer[2]), _s4(buffer[3]), _s4(buffer[4]), _s4(buffer[5]) + _s4(buffer[6]) + _s4(buffer[7])].join('-'); }; var _guid = function() { var currentDateMilliseconds = new Date().getTime(); return 'xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx'.replace(/[xy]/g, function(currentChar) { var randomChar = (currentDateMilliseconds + Math.random() * 16) % 16 | 0; currentDateMilliseconds = Math.floor(currentDateMilliseconds / 16); return (currentChar === 'x' ? randomChar : (randomChar & 0x7 | 0x8)).toString(16); }); }; var create = function() { var hasCrypto = crypto != 'undefined' && crypto !== null, hasRandomValues = typeof(window.crypto.getRandomValues) != 'undefined'; return (hasCrypto && hasRandomValues) ? _cryptoGuid() : _guid(); }; return { newGuid: create, empty: EMPTY }; })(); // DEMO: Create and show GUID console.log('1. New Guid: ' + Guid.newGuid()); // DEMO: Show empty GUID console.log('2. Empty Guid: ' + Guid.empty);
使用:
主持人( )
“c6c2d12f-d76b-5739-e551-07e6de5b0807”
公平 公平
“00000000-0000-0000-0000-00000000”
这创建了一个版本 4 UUID (创建于假冒随机数字):
function uuid()
{
var chars = '0123456789abcdef'.split('');
var uuid = [], rnd = Math.random, r;
uuid[8] = uuid[13] = uuid[18] = uuid[23] = '-';
uuid[14] = '4'; // version 4
for (var i = 0; i < 36; i++)
{
if (!uuid[i])
{
r = 0 | rnd()*16;
uuid[i] = chars[(i == 19) ? (r & 0x3) | 0x8 : r & 0xf];
}
}
return uuid.join('');
}
下面是产生的 UUID 的样本:
682db637-0f31-4847-9cdf-25ba9613a75c
97d19478-3ab2-4aa1-b8cc-a1c3540f54aa
2eed04c9-2692-456d-a0fd-51012f947136
我发现这个脚本有用于在JavaScript中创建GUID
HTTPS://github.com/addui/GUIDJS
var myGuid = GUID();
这里是一个完全不符合但非常有效的实施,以产生一个ASCII安全的GUID类似的独特识别器。
function generateQuickGuid() {
return Math.random().toString(36).substring(2, 15) +
Math.random().toString(36).substring(2, 15);
}
创建 26 个字符 [a-z0-9],产生一个 UID 既较短又比 RFC 符合的 GUID 更独特。
这里是这个功能的使用例子和时间表,以及这个问题的其他几个答案。
>>> generateQuickGuid()
"nvcjf1hs7tf8yyk4lmlijqkuo9"
"yq6gipxqta4kui8z05tgh9qeel"
"36dh5sec7zdj90sk2rx7pjswi2"
runtime: 32.5s
>>> GUID() // John Millikin
"7a342ca2-e79f-528e-6302-8f901b0b6888"
runtime: 57.8s
>>> regexGuid() // broofa
"396e0c46-09e4-4b19-97db-bd423774a4b3"
runtime: 91.2s
>>> createUUID() // Kevin Hakanson
"403aa1ab-9f70-44ec-bc08-5d5ac56bd8a5"
runtime: 65.9s
>>> UUIDv4() // Jed Schmidt
"f4d7d31f-fa83-431a-b30c-3e6cc37cc6ee"
runtime: 282.4s
>>> Math.uuid() // broofa
"5BD52F55-E68F-40FC-93C2-90EE069CE545"
runtime: 225.8s
>>> Math.uuidFast() // broofa
"6CB97A68-23A2-473E-B75B-11263781BBE6"
runtime: 92.0s
>>> Math.uuidCompact() // broofa
"3d7b7a06-0a67-4b67-825c-e5c43ff8c1e8"
runtime: 229.0s
>>> bitwiseGUID() // jablko
"baeaa2f-7587-4ff1-af23-eeab3e92"
runtime: 79.6s
>>>> betterWayGUID() // Andrea Turri
"383585b0-9753-498d-99c3-416582e9662c"
runtime: 60.0s
>>>> UUID() // John Fowler
"855f997b-4369-4cdb-b7c9-7142ceaf39e8"
runtime: 62.2s
这里是时间代码。
var r;
console.time('t');
for (var i = 0; i < 10000000; i++) {
r = FuncToTest();
};
console.timeEnd('t');
这个是基于日期,并添加一个随机的补充到“保证”的独特性。
它很好地用于CSS识别器,总是返回类似的东西,并且很容易被黑客攻击:
uid-139410573297741
var getUniqueId = function (prefix) {
var d = new Date().getTime();
d += (parseInt(Math.random() * 100)).toString();
if (undefined === prefix) {
prefix = 'uid-';
}
d = prefix + d;
return d;
};