返回null，异常就是:你的代码所做的不是预期的事情。

如果没有找到它是一个异常事件(即在正常情况下它应该在那里)，那么就扔掉它。否则，返回一个“notfound”值(可以为空，但不一定)，或者甚至让方法返回一个布尔值来表示found/notfound，并为实际对象返回一个out参数。

首选返回null——

如果调用者在不检查的情况下使用它，异常就会在那里发生。

如果调用者并没有真正使用它，不要给他一个try/catch块

例外应该是例外。如果返回null是有效的，则返回null。

抛出异常的好处:

Cleaner control flow in your calling code. Checking for null injects a conditional branch which is natively handled by try/catch. Checking for null doesn't indicate what it is you're checking for - are you checking for null because you're looking for an error you're expecting, or are you checking for null so you don't pass it further on downchain? Removes ambiguity of what "null" means. Is null representative of an error or is null what is actually stored in the value? Hard to say when you only have one thing to base that determination off of. Improved consistency between method behavior in an application. Exceptions are typically exposed in method signatures, so you're more able to understand what edge cases the methods in an application account for, and what information your application can react to in a predictable manner.

有关更多示例的解释，请参见:http://metatations.com/2011/11/17/returning-null-vs-throwing-an-exception/

返回null，异常就是:你的代码所做的不是预期的事情。