在SQL I中(很遗憾)经常不得不使用“LIKE”条件，因为数据库违反了几乎所有的规范化规则。我现在改变不了。但这与问题无关。
此外，我经常使用诸如WHERE(1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21)中的某些内容之类的条件，以提高SQL语句的可读性和灵活性。
有没有可能在不编写复杂的子选择的情况下将这两者结合起来?
我想要一些像WHERE一样简单的东西('bla%'， '%foo%'， 'batz%')而不是这样:
WHERE something LIKE 'bla%'
OR something LIKE '%foo%'
OR something LIKE 'batz%'
我在这里与SQl Server和Oracle一起工作，但我感兴趣的是，这是否可能在任何RDBMS中。
当前回答
这适用于逗号分隔的值
DECLARE @ARC_CHECKNUM VARCHAR(MAX)
SET @ARC_CHECKNUM = 'ABC,135,MED,ASFSDFSF,AXX'
SELECT ' AND (a.arc_checknum LIKE ''%' + REPLACE(@arc_checknum,',','%'' OR a.arc_checknum LIKE ''%') + '%'')''
评估:
AND (a.arc_checknum LIKE '%ABC%' OR a.arc_checknum LIKE '%135%' OR a.arc_checknum LIKE '%MED%' OR a.arc_checknum LIKE '%ASFSDFSF%' OR a.arc_checknum LIKE '%AXX%')
如果希望它使用索引，则必须省略第一个'%'字符。
其他回答
我有一个简单的解决方案，至少在postgresql中工作，使用like any后跟regex列表。这里有一个例子，看看在清单中识别一些抗生素:
select *
from database.table
where lower(drug_name) like any ('{%cillin%,%cyclin%,%xacin%,%mycine%,%cephal%}')
您可以以牺牲性能为代价，为大量元素动态地执行此操作，但这是可行的。
DECLARE @val nvarchar(256),
@list nvarchar(max) = 'one,two,three,ten,five';
CREATE table #table (FIRST_NAME nvarchar(512), LAST_NAME nvarchar(512));
CREATE table #student (FIRST_NAME nvarchar(512), LAST_NAME nvarchar(512), EMAIL
nvarchar(512));
INSERT INTO #student (FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL)
SELECT 'TEST', ' redOne' ,'test.redOne@toto.com' UNION ALL
SELECT 'student', ' student' ,'student@toto.com' UNION ALL
SELECT 'student', ' two' ,'student.two@toto.com' UNION ALL
SELECT 'hello', ' ONE TWO THREE' ,'student.two@toto.com'
DECLARE check_cursor CURSOR FOR select value from STRING_SPLIT(@list,',')
OPEN check_cursor
FETCH NEXT FROM check_cursor INTO @val
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
PRINT @val
IF EXISTS (select * from #student where REPLACE(FIRST_NAME, ' ','')
like '%' + @val + '%' OR REPLACE(LAST_NAME, ' ','') like '%' + @val + '%')
BEGIN
INSERT INTO #table (FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME )
SELECT TOP 1 FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME VALUE from #student where
REPLACE(FIRST_NAME, ' ','') like '%' + @val + '%' OR REPLACE(LAST_NAME, ' ','')
like '%' + @val + '%'
END;
FETCH NEXT FROM check_cursor INTO @val
END
CLOSE check_cursor;
DEALLOCATE check_cursor;
SELECT * FROM #table;
DROP TABLE #table;
DROP TABLE #student;
另一个解决方案，应该适用于任何RDBMS:
WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1
FROM (SELECT 'bla%' pattern FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT '%foo%' FROM dual UNION ALL
SELECT 'batz%' FROM dual)
WHERE something LIKE pattern)
内部选择可以用另一个模式源替换，比如表(或视图)，如下所示:
WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1
FROM table_of_patterns t
WHERE something LIKE t.pattern)
Table_of_patterns应该至少包含一个列模式，可以像这样填充:
INSERT INTO table_of_patterns(pattern) VALUES ('bla%');
INSERT INTO table_of_patterns(pattern) VALUES ('%foo%');
INSERT INTO table_of_patterns(pattern) VALUES ('batz%');
你被困在
WHERE something LIKE 'bla%'
OR something LIKE '%foo%'
OR something LIKE 'batz%'
除非你填充一个临时表(包括数据中的通配符)并像这样连接:
FROM YourTable y
INNER JOIN YourTempTable t On y.something LIKE t.something
试试(使用SQL Server语法):
declare @x table (x varchar(10))
declare @y table (y varchar(10))
insert @x values ('abcdefg')
insert @x values ('abc')
insert @x values ('mnop')
insert @y values ('%abc%')
insert @y values ('%b%')
select distinct *
FROM @x x
WHERE x.x LIKE '%abc%'
or x.x LIKE '%b%'
select distinct x.*
FROM @x x
INNER JOIN @y y On x.x LIKE y.y
输出:
x
----------
abcdefg
abc
(2 row(s) affected)
x
----------
abc
abcdefg
(2 row(s) affected)
在SQL SERVER中使用游标并执行每一个值:
表样例:
create table Gastos_ConciliacionExcluida(IdRegistro int identity(1,1), MascaraTexto nvarchar(50), Activa bit default 1, Primary key (IDRegistro))
insert into Gastos_ConciliacionExcluida(MascaraTexto) Values ('%Reembolso%')
alter procedure SP_Gastos_ConciliacionExcluidaProcesar
as
declare cur cursor for select MascaraTexto From Gastos_ConciliacionExcluida where Activa=1
declare @Txt nvarchar(50)
open cur
fetch next from cur into @Txt
while @@Fetch_Status = 0
begin
update Gastos_BancoRegistro set PresumibleNoConciliable = 1
where Concepto like @txt
fetch next from cur into @Txt
end
close cur
deallocate cur
