如何迭代由空格分隔的单词组成的字符串中的单词?
注意,我对C字符串函数或那种字符操作/访问不感兴趣。比起效率,我更喜欢优雅。我当前的解决方案:
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main() {
string s = "Somewhere down the road";
istringstream iss(s);
do {
string subs;
iss >> subs;
cout << "Substring: " << subs << endl;
} while (iss);
}
仅为方便:
template<class V, typename T>
bool in(const V &v, const T &el) {
return std::find(v.begin(), v.end(), el) != v.end();
}
基于多个分隔符的实际拆分:
std::vector<std::string> split(const std::string &s,
const std::vector<char> &delims) {
std::vector<std::string> res;
auto stuff = [&delims](char c) { return !in(delims, c); };
auto space = [&delims](char c) { return in(delims, c); };
auto first = std::find_if(s.begin(), s.end(), stuff);
while (first != s.end()) {
auto last = std::find_if(first, s.end(), space);
res.push_back(std::string(first, last));
first = std::find_if(last + 1, s.end(), stuff);
}
return res;
}
用法:
int main() {
std::string s = " aaa, bb cc ";
for (auto el: split(s, {' ', ','}))
std::cout << el << std::endl;
return 0;
}
我使用这个simpleton是因为我们得到了字符串类“特殊”(即非标准):
void splitString(const String &s, const String &delim, std::vector<String> &result) {
const int l = delim.length();
int f = 0;
int i = s.indexOf(delim,f);
while (i>=0) {
String token( i-f > 0 ? s.substring(f,i-f) : "");
result.push_back(token);
f=i+l;
i = s.indexOf(delim,f);
}
String token = s.substring(f);
result.push_back(token);
}
我喜欢下面的代码,因为它将结果放入一个向量中,支持字符串作为delim,并控制保持空值。但是,那时候看起来不太好。
#include <ostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
using namespace std;
vector<string> split(const string& s, const string& delim, const bool keep_empty = true) {
vector<string> result;
if (delim.empty()) {
result.push_back(s);
return result;
}
string::const_iterator substart = s.begin(), subend;
while (true) {
subend = search(substart, s.end(), delim.begin(), delim.end());
string temp(substart, subend);
if (keep_empty || !temp.empty()) {
result.push_back(temp);
}
if (subend == s.end()) {
break;
}
substart = subend + delim.size();
}
return result;
}
int main() {
const vector<string> words = split("So close no matter how far", " ");
copy(words.begin(), words.end(), ostream_iterator<string>(cout, "\n"));
}
当然,Boost有一个split(),它的部分功能与此类似。而且,如果“空白”是指任何类型的空白,那么使用Boost的split和is_any_of()都非常有用。