用0初始化

  char arr[1000] = { 0 };

最好使用普通的“for循环”来进行除0以外的初始化。

  char arr[1000];
  for(int i=0; i<arr.size(); i++){
     arr[i] = 'A';
  }

对于初始化“普通”数据类型(如int数组)，你可以使用括号符号，但如果数组中仍有空格，它将把最后一个后面的值归零:

// put values 1-8, then two zeroes
int list[10] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8};

int array[1024] = {[0 ... 1023] = 5};

如上所述很好，但请确保在…点。

如果你想确保数组的每个成员都被显式初始化，只需从声明中省略维度:

int myArray[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 };

编译器将从初始化列表中推导出维度。不幸的是，对于多维数组，只有最外层的维度可能被省略:

int myPoints[][3] = { { 1, 2, 3 }, { 4, 5, 6 }, { 7, 8, 9} };

还可以，但是

int myPoints[][] = { { 1, 2, 3 }, { 4, 5, 6 }, { 7, 8, 9} };

不是。

除非该值为0(在这种情况下，可以省略初始化式的某些部分 并且相应的元素将被初始化为0)，没有简单的方法。

不过，不要忽视显而易见的解决方案:

int myArray[10] = { 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5 };

缺少值的元素将初始化为0:

int myArray[10] = { 1, 2 }; // initialize to 1,2,0,0,0...

所以这将把所有元素初始化为0:

int myArray[10] = { 0 }; // all elements 0

在c++中，空初始化列表也会将每个元素初始化为0。 C在C23之前是不允许的:

int myArray[10] = {}; // all elements 0 in C++ and C23

记住，如果没有，具有静态存储持续时间的对象将初始化为0 初始化式被指定:

static int myArray[10]; // all elements 0

而“0”并不一定意味着“全位零”，所以使用上面的是 比memset()更好、更可移植。(浮点值将是 初始化为+0，指向空值，等等)

没有人提到访问初始化数组元素的索引顺序。我的示例代码将为它提供一个说明性示例。

#include <iostream>

void PrintArray(int a[3][3])
{
    std::cout << "a11 = " << a[0][0] << "\t\t" << "a12 = " << a[0][1] << "\t\t" << "a13 = " << a[0][2] << std::endl;
    std::cout << "a21 = " << a[1][0] << "\t\t" << "a22 = " << a[1][1] << "\t\t" << "a23 = " << a[1][2] << std::endl;
    std::cout << "a31 = " << a[2][0] << "\t\t" << "a32 = " << a[2][1] << "\t\t" << "a33 = " << a[2][2] << std::endl;
    std::cout << std::endl;
}

int wmain(int argc, wchar_t * argv[])
{
    int a1[3][3] =  {   11,     12,     13,     // The most
                        21,     22,     23,     // basic
                        31,     32,     33  };  // format.

    int a2[][3] =   {   11,     12,     13,     // The first (outer) dimension
                        21,     22,     23,     // may be omitted. The compiler
                        31,     32,     33  };  // will automatically deduce it.

    int a3[3][3] =  {   {11,    12,     13},    // The elements of each
                        {21,    22,     23},    // second (inner) dimension
                        {31,    32,     33} };  // can be grouped together.

    int a4[][3] =   {   {11,    12,     13},    // Again, the first dimension
                        {21,    22,     23},    // can be omitted when the 
                        {31,    32,     33} };  // inner elements are grouped.

    PrintArray(a1);
    PrintArray(a2);
    PrintArray(a3);
    PrintArray(a4);

    // This part shows in which order the elements are stored in the memory.
    int * b = (int *) a1;   // The output is the same for the all four arrays.
    for (int i=0; i<9; i++)
    {
        std::cout << b[i] << '\t';
    }

    return 0;
}

输出结果为:

a11 = 11                a12 = 12                a13 = 13
a21 = 21                a22 = 22                a23 = 23
a31 = 31                a32 = 32                a33 = 33

a11 = 11                a12 = 12                a13 = 13
a21 = 21                a22 = 22                a23 = 23
a31 = 31                a32 = 32                a33 = 33

a11 = 11                a12 = 12                a13 = 13
a21 = 21                a22 = 22                a23 = 23
a31 = 31                a32 = 32                a33 = 33

a11 = 11                a12 = 12                a13 = 13
a21 = 21                a22 = 22                a23 = 23
a31 = 31                a32 = 32                a33 = 33

11      12      13      21      22      23      31      32      33