我试图在PHP中创建一个随机字符串,我得到绝对没有输出:

<?php
    function RandomString()
    {
        $characters = '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ';
        $randstring = '';
        for ($i = 0; $i < 10; $i++) {
            $randstring = $characters[rand(0, strlen($characters))];
        }
        return $randstring;
    }

    RandomString();
    echo $randstring;

我做错了什么?


当前回答

@tasmaniski:你的答案对我有用。我也有同样的问题,我想把它推荐给那些一直在寻找同样答案的人。以下是来自@tasmaniski的留言:

<?php 
    $random = substr(md5(mt_rand()), 0, 7);
    echo $random;
?>

这是一个youtube视频,向我们展示如何创建一个随机数

其他回答

你完全做错了,因为你依赖于数字,而不是字符,我不确定如果你想要随机输出只是数字,如果是这样,为什么需要得到所有的字母和所有的数字,并提取它们的长度?为什么不用rand(0,62)呢?,即使你在声明函数之前忘记初始化变量$randstring。

不管怎样,PHP为此目的提供了一个非常方便的函数。它的作用是()。下面是一个适合您需要的例子。

< ?php 函数随机字符串(){ $字符= '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz '; 返回str_shuffle($字符); } echo randomString ();

一个班轮。

对于具有唯一性的大字符串,它是快速的。

function random_string($length){
    return substr(str_repeat(md5(rand()), ceil($length/32)), 0, $length);
}

以前的答案会生成不安全或难以输入的密码。

这是安全的,并且提供了用户更有可能实际使用的密码,而不是因为一些薄弱的东西而被丢弃。

// NOTE: On PHP 5.x you will need to install https://github.com/paragonie/random_compat

/**
 * Generate a password that can easily be typed by users.
 *
 * By default, this will sacrifice strength by skipping characters that can cause
 * confusion. Set $allowAmbiguous to allow these characters.
 */
static public function generatePassword($length=12, $mixedCase=true, $numericCount=2, $symbolCount=1, $allowAmbiguous=false, $allowRepeatingCharacters=false)
{
  // sanity check to prevent endless loop
  if ($numericCount + $symbolCount > $length) {
    throw new \Exception('generatePassword(): $numericCount + $symbolCount are too high');
  }

  // generate a basic password with just alphabetic characters
  $chars  = 'qwertyupasdfghjkzxcvbnm';
  if ($mixedCase) {
    $chars .= 'QWERTYUPASDFGHJKZXCVBNML';
  }
  if ($allowAmbiguous) {
    $chars .= 'iol';
    if ($mixedCase) {
      $chars .= 'IO';
    }
  }

  $password = '';
  foreach (range(1, $length) as $index) {
    $char = $chars[random_int(0, strlen($chars) - 1)];

    if (!$allowRepeatingCharacters) {
      while ($char == substr($password, -1)) {
        $char = $chars[random_int(0, strlen($chars) - 1)];
      }
    }

    $password .= $char;
  }


  // add numeric characters
  $takenSubstitutionIndexes = [];

  if ($numericCount > 0) {
    $chars = '23456789';
    if ($allowAmbiguous) {
      $chars .= '10';
    }

    foreach (range(1, $numericCount) as $_) {
      $index = random_int(0, strlen($password) - 1);
      while (in_array($index, $takenSubstitutionIndexes)) {
        $index = random_int(0, strlen($password) - 1);
      }

      $char = $chars[random_int(0, strlen($chars) - 1)];
      if (!$allowRepeatingCharacters) {
        while (substr($password, $index - 1, 1) == $char || substr($password, $index + 1, 1) == $char) {
          $char = $chars[random_int(0, strlen($chars) - 1)];
        }
      }

      $password[$index] = $char;
      $takenSubstitutionIndexes[] = $index;
    }
  }

  // add symbols
  $chars = '!@#$%&*=+?';
  if ($allowAmbiguous) {
    $chars .= '^~-_()[{]};:|\\/,.\'"`<>';
  }

  if ($symbolCount > 0) {
    foreach (range(1, $symbolCount) as $_) {
      $index = random_int(0, strlen($password) - 1);
      while (in_array($index, $takenSubstitutionIndexes)) {
        $index = random_int(0, strlen($password) - 1);
      }

      $char = $chars[random_int(0, strlen($chars) - 1)];
      if (!$allowRepeatingCharacters) {
        while (substr($password, $index - 1, 1) == $char || substr($password, $index + 1, 1) == $char) {
          $char = $chars[random_int(0, strlen($chars) - 1)];
        }
      }

      $password[$index] = $char;
      $takenSubstitutionIndexes[] = $index;
    }
  }

  return $password;
}

我喜欢使用openssl_random_pseudo_bytes的最后一个注释,但这对我来说不是一个解决方案,因为我仍然必须删除我不想要的字符,而且我无法获得一个设置长度的字符串。这是我的解决方案……

function rndStr($len = 20) {
    $rnd='';
    for($i=0;$i<$len;$i++) {
        do {
            $byte = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(1);
            $asc = chr(base_convert(substr(bin2hex($byte),0,2),16,10));
        } while(!ctype_alnum($asc));
        $rnd .= $asc;
    }
    return $rnd;
}
<?php
    /**
     * Creates a random string
     *
     * @param (int) $length
     *   Length in characters
     * @param (array) $ranges
     *   (optional) Array of ranges to be used
     *
     * @return
     * Random string
    */
    function random_string($length, $ranges = array('0-9', 'a-z', 'A-Z')) {
        foreach ($ranges as $r) $s .= implode(range(array_shift($r = explode('-', $r)), $r[1]));
        while (strlen($s) < $length) $s .= $s;
        return substr(str_shuffle($s), 0, $length);
    }

    // Examples:
    $l = 100;
    echo '<b>Default:</b> ' . random_string($l) . '<br />';
    echo '<b>Lower Case only:</b> ' . random_string($l, array('a-z')) . '<br />';
    echo '<b>HEX only:</b> ' . random_string($l, array('0-9', 'A-F')) . '<br />';
    echo '<b>BIN only:</b> ' . random_string($l, array('0-1')) . '<br />';

/* End of file */