以前的答案会生成不安全或难以输入的密码。

这是安全的，并且提供了用户更有可能实际使用的密码，而不是因为一些薄弱的东西而被丢弃。

// NOTE: On PHP 5.x you will need to install https://github.com/paragonie/random_compat

/**
 * Generate a password that can easily be typed by users.
 *
 * By default, this will sacrifice strength by skipping characters that can cause
 * confusion. Set $allowAmbiguous to allow these characters.
 */
static public function generatePassword($length=12, $mixedCase=true, $numericCount=2, $symbolCount=1, $allowAmbiguous=false, $allowRepeatingCharacters=false)
{
  // sanity check to prevent endless loop
  if ($numericCount + $symbolCount > $length) {
    throw new \Exception('generatePassword(): $numericCount + $symbolCount are too high');
  }

  // generate a basic password with just alphabetic characters
  $chars  = 'qwertyupasdfghjkzxcvbnm';
  if ($mixedCase) {
    $chars .= 'QWERTYUPASDFGHJKZXCVBNML';
  }
  if ($allowAmbiguous) {
    $chars .= 'iol';
    if ($mixedCase) {
      $chars .= 'IO';
    }
  }

  $password = '';
  foreach (range(1, $length) as $index) {
    $char = $chars[random_int(0, strlen($chars) - 1)];

    if (!$allowRepeatingCharacters) {
      while ($char == substr($password, -1)) {
        $char = $chars[random_int(0, strlen($chars) - 1)];
      }
    }

    $password .= $char;
  }


  // add numeric characters
  $takenSubstitutionIndexes = [];

  if ($numericCount > 0) {
    $chars = '23456789';
    if ($allowAmbiguous) {
      $chars .= '10';
    }

    foreach (range(1, $numericCount) as $_) {
      $index = random_int(0, strlen($password) - 1);
      while (in_array($index, $takenSubstitutionIndexes)) {
        $index = random_int(0, strlen($password) - 1);
      }

      $char = $chars[random_int(0, strlen($chars) - 1)];
      if (!$allowRepeatingCharacters) {
        while (substr($password, $index - 1, 1) == $char || substr($password, $index + 1, 1) == $char) {
          $char = $chars[random_int(0, strlen($chars) - 1)];
        }
      }

      $password[$index] = $char;
      $takenSubstitutionIndexes[] = $index;
    }
  }

  // add symbols
  $chars = '!@#$%&*=+?';
  if ($allowAmbiguous) {
    $chars .= '^~-_()[{]};:|\\/,.\'"`<>';
  }

  if ($symbolCount > 0) {
    foreach (range(1, $symbolCount) as $_) {
      $index = random_int(0, strlen($password) - 1);
      while (in_array($index, $takenSubstitutionIndexes)) {
        $index = random_int(0, strlen($password) - 1);
      }

      $char = $chars[random_int(0, strlen($chars) - 1)];
      if (!$allowRepeatingCharacters) {
        while (substr($password, $index - 1, 1) == $char || substr($password, $index + 1, 1) == $char) {
          $char = $chars[random_int(0, strlen($chars) - 1)];
        }
      }

      $password[$index] = $char;
      $takenSubstitutionIndexes[] = $index;
    }
  }

  return $password;
}

使用random_bytes函数生成加密安全的随机字节。

$bytes = random_bytes(16);
echo bin2hex($bytes);

可能的输出

da821217e61e33ed4b2dd96f8439056c

使用openssl_random_pseudo_bytes函数生成伪随机字节。

$bytes = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(16);
echo bin2hex($bytes);

可能的输出

e2d1254506fbb6cd842cd640333214ad

最好的用例是

function getRandomBytes($length = 16)
{
    if (function_exists('random_bytes')) {
        $bytes = random_bytes($length / 2);
    } else {
        $bytes = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes($length / 2);
    }
    return bin2hex($bytes);
}
echo getRandomBytes();

可能的输出

ba8cc342bdf91143

这将创建一个20个字符的十六进制字符串:

$string = bin2hex(openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(10)); // 20 chars

在PHP 7 (random_bytes())中:

$string = base64_encode(random_bytes(10)); // ~14 characters, includes /=+
// or
$string = substr(str_replace(['+', '/', '='], '', base64_encode(random_bytes(32))), 0, 32); // 32 characters, without /=+
// or
$string = bin2hex(random_bytes(10)); // 20 characters, only 0-9a-f

具体回答这个问题，有两个问题:

当你回显$randstring时，它不在作用域内。 字符在循环中没有连接在一起。

以下是更正后的代码片段:

function generateRandomString($length = 10) {
    $characters = '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ';
    $charactersLength = strlen($characters);
    $randomString = '';
    for ($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++) {
        $randomString .= $characters[random_int(0, $charactersLength - 1)];
    }
    return $randomString;
}

用下面的调用输出随机字符串:

// Echo the random string.
// Optionally, you can give it a desired string length.
echo generateRandomString();

请注意，这个答案的以前版本使用rand()而不是random_int()，因此生成可预测的随机字符串。因此，根据这个答案的建议，它被更改为更安全。

在PHP中生成随机字符串的另一种方法是:

function RandomString($length) {
    $original_string = array_merge(range(0,9), range('a','z'), range('A', 'Z'));
    $original_string = implode("", $original_string);
    return substr(str_shuffle($original_string), 0, $length);
}
echo RandomString(6);

要把它放在一行中，试试这个:

$str = substr(str_shuffle(str_repeat("0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ", 5)), 0, $length);