我发现对字典进行排序的一个简单方法是，根据要排序的字典的排序键:值项创建一个新字典。 如果你想对dict ={}排序，使用相关的方法检索它的所有项，使用sorted()函数对它们排序，然后创建新字典。

下面是使用字典理解的代码:

sorted_dict = {k:v for k,v in sorted(dict.items())}

字典本身并没有这样的排序条目，如果你想按某种顺序打印它们，这里有一些例子:

在Python 2.4及以上版本中:

mydict = {'carl':40,
          'alan':2,
          'bob':1,
          'danny':3}

for key in sorted(mydict):
    print "%s: %s" % (key, mydict[key])

给:

alan: 2
bob: 1
carl: 40
danny: 3

(Python低于2.4:)

keylist = mydict.keys()
keylist.sort()
for key in keylist:
    print "%s: %s" % (key, mydict[key])

来源:http://www.saltycrane.com/blog/2007/09/how-to-sort-python-dictionary-by-keys/

from operator import itemgetter
# if you would like to play with multiple dictionaries then here you go:
# Three dictionaries that are composed of first name and last name.
user = [
    {'fname': 'Mo', 'lname': 'Mahjoub'},
    {'fname': 'Abdo', 'lname': 'Al-hebashi'},
    {'fname': 'Ali', 'lname': 'Muhammad'}
]
#  This loop will sort by the first and the last names.
# notice that in a dictionary order doesn't matter. So it could put the first name first or the last name first. 
for k in sorted (user, key=itemgetter ('fname', 'lname')):
    print (k)

# This one will sort by the first name only.
for x in sorted (user, key=itemgetter ('fname')):
    print (x)

注意:对于Python 3.7+，请参见此答案

标准Python字典是无序的(直到Python 3.7)。即使对(键，值)对进行了排序，也不能将它们存储在字典中以保持排序。

最简单的方法是使用OrderedDict，它会记住元素被插入的顺序:

In [1]: import collections

In [2]: d = {2:3, 1:89, 4:5, 3:0}

In [3]: od = collections.OrderedDict(sorted(d.items()))

In [4]: od
Out[4]: OrderedDict([(1, 89), (2, 3), (3, 0), (4, 5)])

不要在意od是如何打印出来的;它会像预期的那样工作:

In [11]: od[1]
Out[11]: 89

In [12]: od[3]
Out[12]: 0

In [13]: for k, v in od.iteritems(): print k, v
   ....: 
1 89
2 3
3 0
4 5

Python 3

对于Python 3用户，需要使用.items()而不是.iteritems():

In [13]: for k, v in od.items(): print(k, v)
   ....: 
1 89
2 3
3 0
4 5

最简单的解决方案是，你应该得到一个dict键排序顺序的列表，然后遍历dict。例如

a1 = {'a':1, 'b':13, 'd':4, 'c':2, 'e':30}
a1_sorted_keys = sorted(a1, key=a1.get, reverse=True)
for r in a1_sorted_keys:
    print r, a1[r]

以下是输出(按顺序排列)

e 30
b 13
d 4
c 2
a 1

我认为最简单的事情是按键对字典进行排序，并将排序的键:值对保存在一个新的字典中。

dict1 = {'renault': 3, 'ford':4, 'volvo': 1, 'toyota': 2} 
dict2 = {}                  # create an empty dict to store the sorted values
for key in sorted(dict1.keys()):
    if not key in dict2:    # Depending on the goal, this line may not be neccessary
        dict2[key] = dict1[key]

更清楚地说:

dict1 = {'renault': 3, 'ford':4, 'volvo': 1, 'toyota': 2} 
dict2 = {}                  # create an empty dict to store the sorted     values
for key in sorted(dict1.keys()):
    if not key in dict2:    # Depending on the goal, this line may not be  neccessary
        value = dict1[key]
        dict2[key] = value