如何按键对字典进行排序?
示例输入:
{2:3, 1:89, 4:5, 3:0}
期望的输出:
{1:89, 2:3, 3:0, 4:5}
如何按键对字典进行排序?
示例输入:
{2:3, 1:89, 4:5, 3:0}
期望的输出:
{1:89, 2:3, 3:0, 4:5}
当前回答
以下是建议解决方案的性能:
from collections import OrderedDict
from sortedcontainers import SortedDict
import json
keys = np.random.rand(100000)
vals = np.random.rand(100000)
d = dict(zip(keys, vals))
timeit SortedDict(d)
#45.8 ms ± 780 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 10 loops each)
timeit sorted(d.items())
#91.9 ms ± 707 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 10 loops each)
timeit OrderedDict(sorted(d.items(), key=lambda x: x[0]))
#93.7 ms ± 1.52 ms per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 10 loops each)
timeit dict(sorted(dic.items()))
#113 ms ± 824 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 10 loops each)
timeit OrderedDict(sorted(dic.items()))
#122 ms ± 2.65 ms per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 10 loops each)
timeit json.dumps(d, sort_keys=True)
#259 ms ± 9.42 ms per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1 loop each)
如我们所见,格兰特·詹克斯的解决方案是目前为止最快的。
其他回答
会产生你想要的结果:
D1 = {2:3, 1:89, 4:5, 3:0}
sort_dic = {}
for i in sorted(D1):
sort_dic.update({i:D1[i]})
print sort_dic
{1: 89, 2: 3, 3: 0, 4: 5}
但这并不是正确的方法,因为它可以在不同的字典中显示不同的行为,这是我最近学到的。因此,蒂姆在回答我的问题时提出了一个完美的方法,我在这里分享。
from collections import OrderedDict
sorted_dict = OrderedDict(sorted(D1.items(), key=lambda t: t[0]))
找到了另一种方法:
import json
print json.dumps(d, sort_keys = True)
乌利希期刊指南: 1. 这也可以对嵌套对象进行排序(谢谢@DanielF)。 2. Python字典是无序的,因此只适用于打印或赋值给STR。
from operator import itemgetter
# if you would like to play with multiple dictionaries then here you go:
# Three dictionaries that are composed of first name and last name.
user = [
{'fname': 'Mo', 'lname': 'Mahjoub'},
{'fname': 'Abdo', 'lname': 'Al-hebashi'},
{'fname': 'Ali', 'lname': 'Muhammad'}
]
# This loop will sort by the first and the last names.
# notice that in a dictionary order doesn't matter. So it could put the first name first or the last name first.
for k in sorted (user, key=itemgetter ('fname', 'lname')):
print (k)
# This one will sort by the first name only.
for x in sorted (user, key=itemgetter ('fname')):
print (x)
Python字典是无序的。通常,这不是问题,因为最常见的用例是执行查找。
最简单的方法是创建一个集合。OrderedDict以排序顺序插入元素。
ordered_dict = collections.OrderedDict([(k, d[k]) for k in sorted(d.keys())])
如果需要迭代,就像上面其他人建议的那样,最简单的方法是迭代排序的键。的例子,
按键排序打印值:
# create the dict
d = {k1:v1, k2:v2,...}
# iterate by keys in sorted order
for k in sorted(d.keys()):
value = d[k]
# do something with k, value like print
print k, value
获取按键排序的值列表:
values = [d[k] for k in sorted(d.keys())]
此函数将根据键对任何字典进行递归排序。也就是说,如果字典中的任何值也是一个字典,它也将根据它的键进行排序。如果您运行在CPython 3.6或更高版本上,则可以简单地更改为使用dict而不是OrderedDict。
from collections import OrderedDict
def sort_dict(d):
items = [[k, v] for k, v in sorted(d.items(), key=lambda x: x[0])]
for item in items:
if isinstance(item[1], dict):
item[1] = sort_dict(item[1])
return OrderedDict(items)
#return dict(items)