Python迭代器有has_next方法吗?


当前回答

为了读取所有迭代,基于处理“StopIteration”执行的解决方法非常简单:

    end_cursor = False
    while not end_cursor:
        try:
            print(cursor.next())
        except StopIteration:
            print('end loop')
            end_cursor = True
        except:
            print('other exceptions to manage')
            end_cursor = True

其他回答

你可以使用itertools来tee迭代器。在teed迭代器上检查StopIteration。

也许只有我这么想,但虽然我喜欢https://stackoverflow.com/users/95810/alex-martelli的答案,但我发现这个更容易读:

from collections.abc import Iterator  # since python 3.3 Iterator is here

class MyIterator(Iterator):  # need to subclass Iterator rather than object
  def __init__(self, it):
    self._iter = iter(it)
    self._sentinel = object()
    self._next = next(self._iter, self._sentinel)
    
  def __iter__(self): 
    return self
  
  def __next__(self):        # __next__ vs next in python 2
    if not self.has_next():
      next(self._iter)  # raises StopIteration

    val = self._next
    self._next = next(self._iter, self._sentinel)
    return val
  
  def has_next(self):
    return self._next is not self._sentinel

hasNext在某种程度上转换为StopIteration异常,例如:

>>> it = iter("hello")
>>> it.next()
'h'
>>> it.next()
'e'
>>> it.next()
'l'
>>> it.next()
'l'
>>> it.next()
'o'
>>> it.next()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
StopIteration

StopIteration文档:http://docs.python.org/library/exceptions.html#exceptions.StopIteration 一些关于python中的迭代器和生成器的文章:http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-pycon.html

我相信python只有next(),根据文档,如果没有更多的元素,它就会抛出异常。

http://docs.python.org/library/stdtypes.html#iterator-types

我认为当你想要某种has_next功能时,有一些有效的用例,在这种情况下,你应该用定义了has_next的迭代器来装饰迭代器。

结合这个问题的答案的概念,这里是我的实现,这对我来说是一个很好的简洁的解决方案(python 3.9):

_EMPTY_BUF = object()


class BufferedIterator(Iterator[_T]):
    def __init__(self, real_it: Iterator[_T]):
        self._real_it = real_it
        self._buf = next(self._real_it, _EMPTY_BUF)

    def has_next(self):
        return self._buf is not _EMPTY_BUF

    def __next__(self) -> _T_co:
        v = self._buf
        self._buf = next(self._real_it, _EMPTY_BUF)
        if v is _EMPTY_BUF:
            raise StopIteration()
        return v

主要的区别是has_next只是一个布尔表达式,也处理None值的迭代器。

将此添加到这里的测试和示例使用的要点。