这里有一个解决方案。创建一个返回随机数的函数并放置它 在main函数之外，使其具有全局性。希望这能有所帮助

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
int rollDie();
using std::cout;
int main (){
    srand((unsigned)time(0));
    int die1;
    int die2;
    for (int n=10; n>0; n--){
    die1 = rollDie();
    die2 = rollDie();
    cout << die1 << " + " << die2 << " = " << die1 + die2 << "\n";
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
int rollDie(){
    return (rand()%6)+1;
}

这是一个简单的随机生成器。在0附近产生正负值的概率相等:

  int getNextRandom(const size_t lim) 
  {
        int nextRand = rand() % lim;
        int nextSign = rand() % lim;
        if (nextSign < lim / 2)
            return -nextRand;
        return nextRand;
  }


   int main()
   {
        srand(time(NULL));
        int r = getNextRandom(100);
        cout << r << endl;
        return 0;
   }

为每个RUN文件随机

size_t randomGenerator(size_t min, size_t max) {
    std::mt19937 rng;
    rng.seed(std::random_device()());
    //rng.seed(std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
    std::uniform_int_distribution<std::mt19937::result_type> dist(min, max);

    return dist(rng);
}

可以从这里获得生成随机数的完整随机类代码!

如果你在项目的不同部分需要随机数，你可以创建一个单独的类Randomer来封装它里面的所有随机内容。

就像这样:

class Randomer {
    // random seed by default
    std::mt19937 gen_;
    std::uniform_int_distribution<size_t> dist_;

public:
    /*  ... some convenient ctors ... */ 

    Randomer(size_t min, size_t max, unsigned int seed = std::random_device{}())
        : gen_{seed}, dist_{min, max} {
    }

    // if you want predictable numbers
    void SetSeed(unsigned int seed) {
        gen_.seed(seed);
    }

    size_t operator()() {
        return dist_(gen_);
    }
};

这样的类以后会很方便:

int main() {
    Randomer randomer{0, 10};
    std::cout << randomer() << "\n";
}

你可以检查这个链接作为一个例子，我如何使用这样的Randomer类生成随机字符串。如果你愿意，你也可以使用Randomer。

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>

int main() {
    srand(time(NULL));
    int random_number = std::rand(); // rand() return a number between ​0​ and RAND_MAX
    std::cout << random_number;
    return 0;
}

http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/random/rand

以下是我的5美分:

// System includes
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <chrono>
#include <random>

// Application includes

// Namespace
using namespace std;

// Constants
#define A_UNUSED(inVariable) (void)inVariable;


int main(int inCounter, char* inArguments[]) {

    A_UNUSED(inCounter);
    A_UNUSED(inArguments);

    std::random_device oRandomDevice;
    mt19937_64 oNumber;
    std::mt19937_64::result_type oSeed;
    std::mt19937_64::result_type oValue1;
    std::mt19937_64::result_type oValue2;

    for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {

        oValue1 = (std::mt19937_64::result_type) std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(
            std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch()
        ).count();
        oValue2 = (std::mt19937_64::result_type) std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(
            std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch()
        ).count();
        oSeed = oRandomDevice() ^ (oValue1 + oValue2);
        oNumber.seed(oSeed);

        cout << "oNumber: " << oNumber << "\n";
        cout << "oNumber.default_seed: " << oNumber.default_seed << "\n";
        cout << "oNumber.initialization_multiplier: " << oNumber.initialization_multiplier << "\n";
        cout << "oNumber.mask_bits: " << oNumber.mask_bits << "\n";
        cout << "oNumber.max(): " << oNumber.max() << "\n";
        cout << "oNumber.min(): " << oNumber.min() << "\n";
        cout << "oNumber.shift_size: " << oNumber.shift_size << "\n";
        cout << "oNumber.state_size: " << oNumber.state_size << "\n";
        cout << "oNumber.tempering_b: " << oNumber.tempering_b << "\n";
        cout << "oNumber.tempering_c: " << oNumber.tempering_c << "\n";
        cout << "oNumber.tempering_d: " << oNumber.tempering_d << "\n";
        cout << "oNumber.tempering_l: " << oNumber.tempering_l << "\n";
        cout << "oNumber.tempering_s: " << oNumber.tempering_s << "\n";
        cout << "oNumber.tempering_t: " << oNumber.tempering_t << "\n";
        cout << "oNumber.tempering_u: " << oNumber.tempering_u << "\n";
        cout << "oNumber.word_size: " << oNumber.word_size << "\n";
        cout << "oNumber.xor_mask: " << oNumber.xor_mask << "\n";
        cout << "oNumber._Max: " << oNumber._Max << "\n";
        cout << "oNumber._Min: " << oNumber._Min << "\n";
    }

    cout << "Random v2" << endl;
    return 0;
}