我有类似的要求，所以我实现它如下所示。它在Windows 64位和Linux上进行了测试。

import subprocess
def systemCommand(Command):
    Output = ""
    Error = ""     
    try:
        Output = subprocess.check_output(Command,stderr = subprocess.STDOUT,shell='True')
    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
        #Invalid command raises this exception
        Error =  e.output 

    if Output:
        Stdout = Output.split("\n")
    else:
        Stdout = []
    if Error:
        Stderr = Error.split("\n")
    else:
        Stderr = []

    return (Stdout,Stderr)

#in main
Host = "ip to ping"
NoOfPackets = 2
Timeout = 5000 #in milliseconds
#Command for windows
Command = 'ping -n {0} -w {1} {2}'.format(NoOfPackets,Timeout,Host)
#Command for linux 
#Command = 'ping -c {0} -w {1} {2}'.format(NoOfPackets,Timeout,Host)
Stdout,Stderr = systemCommand(Command)
if Stdout:
   print("Host [{}] is reachable.".format(Host))
else:
   print("Host [{}] is unreachable.".format(Host))

当IP不可达时，subprocess.check_output()将引发异常。额外的验证可以通过从输出行“Packets: Sent = 2, Received = 2, Lost = 0 (0% loss)”中提取信息来完成。

在windows或linux中Ping它们，返回一个排序的列表。这是@Ahmed Essam和@Arno回复的混合/修正。

import asyncio
import re

import platform
isWindows = platform.system()


async def ping(host):
    cmd = 'ping {} {} 1'.format(host, '-n' if isWindows else '-c')
    ping_proc = \
        await asyncio.create_subprocess_shell(cmd, stdout=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,
                                                      stderr=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE)
    stdout, stderr = await ping_proc.communicate()
    outstr = stdout.decode()

    if ping_proc.returncode == 0:
        delay = int(re.search(r'(?:time=)([\d]*)', outstr).group(1)) if 'time=' in outstr else -1
        if delay >= 0:
            # print('{} {}ms'.format(host, delay))
            return [host, delay]

    return [host, None]


async def ping_all():
    tasks = []

    for i in range(1, 256):
        ip = "192.168.1.{}".format(i)
        task = asyncio.ensure_future(ping(ip))
        tasks.append(task)

    retList = await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)
    retList = [x for x in retList if x[1] is not None]
    retList.sort(key=lambda x: int(x[0].split('.')[-1]))

    return retList


loop = asyncio.ProactorEventLoop()
asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
pingRet = loop.run_until_complete(ping_all())

for ip, d in pingRet:
    print('{:<16s} {}ms'.format(ip, d))

我使用这篇文章中回答的想法，但只使用更新的推荐子进程模块和python3:

import subprocess
import platform

operating_sys = platform.system()
nas = '192.168.0.10'

def ping(ip):
    # ping_command = ['ping', ip, '-n', '1'] instead of ping_command = ['ping', ip, '-n 1'] for Windows
    ping_command = ['ping', ip, '-n', '1'] if operating_sys == 'Windows' else ['ping', ip, '-c 1']
    shell_needed = True if operating_sys == 'Windows' else False

    ping_output = subprocess.run(ping_command,shell=shell_needed,stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
    success = ping_output.returncode
    return True if success == 0 else False

out = ping(nas)
print(out)

确保安装了pyping或安装它

#!/usr/bin/python
import pyping

response = pyping.ping('Your IP')

if response.ret_code == 0:
    print("reachable")
else:
    print("unreachable")

如果你不需要支持Windows，这里有一个非常简洁的方法:

import os
hostname = "google.com" #example
response = os.system("ping -c 1 " + hostname)

#and then check the response...
if response == 0:
  print hostname, 'is up!'
else:
  print hostname, 'is down!'

这是因为如果连接失败，ping将返回一个非零值。(实际返回值因网络错误而异。)您还可以使用'-t'选项更改ping超时(以秒为单位)。注意，这将向控制台输出文本。

我需要一个更快的ping扫描，我不想使用任何外部库，所以我决定使用内置的asyncio来实现并发。

此代码需要python 3.7+，仅在Linux上制作和测试。它不能在Windows上工作，但我相信你可以很容易地将其更改为在Windows上工作。

我不是asyncio方面的专家，但我使用了这篇很棒的文章，用并发性加速你的Python程序，我想出了这些代码行。我试图使它尽可能简单，所以很可能您需要添加更多的代码来满足您的需求。

它不会返回true或false，我认为让它打印响应ping请求的IP会更方便。我认为这是相当快的，在近10秒内ping 255个ip。

#!/usr/bin/python3

import asyncio

async def ping(host):
    """
    Prints the hosts that respond to ping request
    """
    ping_process = await asyncio.create_subprocess_shell("ping -c 1 " + host + " > /dev/null 2>&1")
    await ping_process.wait()

    if ping_process.returncode == 0:
        print(host)
    return 


async def ping_all():
    tasks = []

    for i in range(1,255):
        ip = "192.168.1.{}".format(i)
        task = asyncio.ensure_future(ping(ip))
        tasks.append(task)

    await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions = True)

asyncio.run(ping_all())

样例输出:

192.168.1.1
192.168.1.3
192.168.1.102
192.168.1.106
192.168.1.6

请注意，IP不是按顺序排列的，因为IP在它响应时就会打印出来，所以先响应的就会先打印出来。