如果您的服务器不支持ICMP(防火墙可能会阻止它)，它很可能仍然在TCP端口上提供服务。在这种情况下，你可以像这样执行TCP ping1(平台独立，无需安装额外的python模块):

import socket

def isReachable(ipOrName, port, timeout=2):
    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    s.settimeout(timeout)
    try:
        s.connect((ipOrName, int(port)))
        s.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR)
        return True
    except:
        return False
    finally:
        s.close()

代码从这里开始只做了轻微的修改。

1 TCP ping并不真正存在，因为ping是在ISO/OSI第三层用ICMP执行的。TCP ping在ISO/OSI第4层执行。它只是试图以最基本的方式连接到TCP端口，即不传输任何数据，而是在连接后立即关闭连接。

使用Multi-ping (pip install multiPing)，我做了这个简单的代码(简单地复制和粘贴，如果你愿意!):

from multiping import MultiPing

def ping(host,n = 0):
    if(n>0):
        avg = 0
        for i in range (n):
            avg += ping(host)
        avg = avg/n
    # Create a MultiPing object to test hosts / addresses
    mp = MultiPing([host])

    # Send the pings to those addresses
    mp.send()

    # With a 1 second timout, wait for responses (may return sooner if all
    # results are received).
    responses, no_responses = mp.receive(1)


    for addr, rtt in responses.items():
        RTT = rtt


    if no_responses:
        # Sending pings once more, but just to those addresses that have not
        # responded, yet.
        mp.send()
        responses, no_responses = mp.receive(1)
        RTT = -1

    return RTT

用法:

#Getting the latency average (in seconds) of host '192.168.0.123' using 10 samples
ping('192.168.0.123',10)

如果你想要一个单一的样本，第二个参数“10”可以忽略!

希望能有所帮助!

我在类似的情况下找到了这个问题。我尝试了pyping，但Naveen给出的例子在Python 2.7下的Windows中对我不起作用。

一个对我有用的例子是:

import pyping

response = pyping.send('Your IP')

if response['ret_code'] == 0:
    print("reachable")
else:
    print("unreachable")

看起来很简单，但却让我头疼。我一直得到“icmp打开套接字操作不允许”，否则解决方案将挂起，如果服务器离线。然而，如果你想知道的是服务器是活的，并且你在该服务器上运行一个web服务器，那么curl将完成这项工作。如果您有ssh和证书，那么ssh和一个简单的命令就足够了。代码如下:

from easyprocess import EasyProcess # as root: pip install EasyProcess
def ping(ip):
    ping="ssh %s date;exit"%(ip) # test ssh alive or
    ping="curl -IL %s"%(ip)      # test if http alive
    response=len(EasyProcess(ping).call(timeout=2).stdout)
    return response #integer 0 if no response in 2 seconds

import os #to get clear screen
import subprocess as sp #to get system ping
os.system("clear") #clear screen
print('Wait or Press Ctrl+Z to Terminate\n') #notice to terminate or wait
for i in range(255): #0 to 255 loop
    ip='192.168.1.'+str(i) #concatenating str and int
    s,r=sp.getstatusoutput("ping -c1 -w2 " + ip) #ping and store status in s
    if s==0: #if status is 0 equal to pass
        print(ip+" is UP ✓ ") #output
    else: #if status is not 0 equal to fail
        pass #skip and try next ip from loop

我的版本的ping函数:

适用于Python 3.5及更高版本，适用于Windows和Linux。 在Windows上，如果ping命令失败且“目标主机不可达”，则返回False。 并且不显示任何输出，无论是弹出窗口还是命令行。

import platform, subprocess

def ping(host_or_ip, packets=1, timeout=1000):
    ''' Calls system "ping" command, returns True if ping succeeds.
    Required parameter: host_or_ip (str, address of host to ping)
    Optional parameters: packets (int, number of retries), timeout (int, ms to wait for response)
    Does not show any output, either as popup window or in command line.
    Python 3.5+, Windows and Linux compatible
    '''
    # The ping command is the same for Windows and Linux, except for the "number of packets" flag.
    if platform.system().lower() == 'windows':
        command = ['ping', '-n', str(packets), '-w', str(timeout), host_or_ip]
        # run parameters: capture output, discard error messages, do not show window
        result = subprocess.run(command, stdin=subprocess.DEVNULL, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, creationflags=0x08000000)
        # 0x0800000 is a windows-only Popen flag to specify that a new process will not create a window.
        # On Python 3.7+, you can use a subprocess constant:
        #   result = subprocess.run(command, capture_output=True, creationflags=subprocess.CREATE_NO_WINDOW)
        # On windows 7+, ping returns 0 (ok) when host is not reachable; to be sure host is responding,
        # we search the text "TTL=" on the command output. If it's there, the ping really had a response.
        return result.returncode == 0 and b'TTL=' in result.stdout
    else:
        command = ['ping', '-c', str(packets), '-w', str(timeout), host_or_ip]
        # run parameters: discard output and error messages
        result = subprocess.run(command, stdin=subprocess.DEVNULL, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL)
        return result.returncode == 0

你想怎么用就怎么用。