我尝试使用标准方法来确定mime类型，但我不能使用MimeTypeMap.getFileExtensionFromUrl(uri.getPath())保留文件扩展名。这个方法返回一个空字符串。所以我做了一个重要的解决方案来保留文件扩展名。

下面是返回文件扩展名的方法:

private String getExtension(String fileName){
    char[] arrayOfFilename = fileName.toCharArray();
    for(int i = arrayOfFilename.length-1; i > 0; i--){
        if(arrayOfFilename[i] == '.'){
            return fileName.substring(i+1, fileName.length());
        }
    }
    return "";
}

并且保留了文件扩展名，可以获得如下所示的mime类型:

public String getMimeType(File file) {
    String mimeType = "";
    String extension = getExtension(file.getName());
    if (MimeTypeMap.getSingleton().hasExtension(extension)) {
        mimeType = MimeTypeMap.getSingleton().getMimeTypeFromExtension(extension);
    }
    return mimeType;
}

有时Jeb和Jens的答案不工作并返回null。在这种情况下，我使用跟随解决方案。文件头通常包含类型签名。我阅读了它，并与已知的签名列表进行了比较。

/**
 *
 * @param is InputStream on start of file. Otherwise signature can not be defined.
 * @return int id of signature or -1, if unknown signature was found. See SIGNATURE_ID_(type) constants to
 *      identify signature by its id.
 * @throws IOException in cases of read errors.
 */
public static int getSignatureIdFromHeader(InputStream is) throws IOException {
    // read signature from head of source and compare with known signatures
    int signatureId = -1;
    int sigCount = SIGNATURES.length;
    int[] byteArray = new int[MAX_SIGNATURE_LENGTH];
    StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
    for (int i = 0; i < MAX_SIGNATURE_LENGTH; i++) {
        byteArray[i] = is.read();
        builder.append(Integer.toHexString(byteArray[i]));
    }
    if (DEBUG) {
        Log.d(TAG, "head bytes=" + builder.toString());
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < MAX_SIGNATURE_LENGTH; i++) {

        // check each bytes with known signatures
        int bytes = byteArray[i];
        int lastSigId = -1;
        int coincidences = 0;

        for (int j = 0; j < sigCount; j++) {
            int[] sig = SIGNATURES[j];

            if (DEBUG) {
                Log.d(TAG, "compare" + i + ": " + Integer.toHexString(bytes) + " with " + sig[i]);
            }
            if (bytes == sig[i]) {
                lastSigId = j;
                coincidences++;
            }
        }

        // signature is unknown
        if (coincidences == 0) {
            break;
        }
        // if first bytes of signature is known we check signature for full coincidence
        if (coincidences == 1) {
            int[] sig = SIGNATURES[lastSigId];
            int sigLength = sig.length;
            boolean isSigKnown = true;
            for (; i < MAX_SIGNATURE_LENGTH && i < sigLength; i++) {
                bytes = byteArray[i];
                if (bytes != sig[i]) {
                    isSigKnown = false;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (isSigKnown) {
                signatureId = lastSigId;
            }
            break;
        }
    }
    return signatureId;
}

signatureId是签名数组中签名的索引。例如,

private static final int[] SIGNATURE_PNG = hexStringToIntArray("89504E470D0A1A0A");
private static final int[] SIGNATURE_JPEG = hexStringToIntArray("FFD8FF");
private static final int[] SIGNATURE_GIF = hexStringToIntArray("474946");

public static final int SIGNATURE_ID_JPEG = 0;
public static final int SIGNATURE_ID_PNG = 1;
public static final int SIGNATURE_ID_GIF = 2;
private static final int[][] SIGNATURES = new int[3][];

static {
    SIGNATURES[SIGNATURE_ID_JPEG] = SIGNATURE_JPEG;
    SIGNATURES[SIGNATURE_ID_PNG] = SIGNATURE_PNG;
    SIGNATURES[SIGNATURE_ID_GIF] = SIGNATURE_GIF;
}

现在我有了文件类型，即使文件的URI没有。接下来我得到mime类型的文件类型。如果你不知道要获取哪种mime类型，你可以在这个表中找到proper。

它适用于许多文件类型。但是对于视频，它不起作用，因为你需要知道视频编解码器来获得mime类型。为了获得视频的mime类型，我使用mediametadatareretrieve。

MimeTypeMap可能无法识别一些文件扩展名，如flv,mpeg,3gpp,cpp。因此，您需要考虑如何扩展MimeTypeMap以维护代码。这里有这样一个例子。 http://grepcode.com/file/repo1.maven.org/maven2/com.google.okhttp/okhttp/20120626/libcore/net/MimeUtils.java#MimeUtils 另外，这里有一个完整的mime类型列表 http: / / www.sitepoint.com/web-foundations/mime-types-complete-list/

我也遇到过类似的问题。到目前为止，我知道不同的名字可能会有不同的结果，所以最终得出了这个解决方案。

public String getMimeType(String filePath) {
    String type = null;
    String extension = null;
    int i = filePath.lastIndexOf('.');
    if (i > 0)
        extension = filePath.substring(i+1);
    if (extension != null)
        type = MimeTypeMap.getSingleton().getMimeTypeFromExtension(extension);
    return type;
}  

Intent myIntent = new Intent(android.content.Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
                        File file = new File(filePatch); 
                        Uri uris = Uri.fromFile(file);
                        String mimetype = null;
                        if 
(uris.getScheme().equals(ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT)) {
                            ContentResolver cr = 
getApplicationContext().getContentResolver();
                            mimetype = cr.getType(uris);
                        } else {
                            String fileExtension = 
MimeTypeMap.getFileExtensionFromUrl(uris.toString());
mimetype =  MimeTypeMap.getSingleton().getMimeTypeFromExtension(fileExtension.toLowerCase());
                        }

// new processing the mime type out of Uri which may return null in some cases
String mimeType = getContentResolver().getType(uri);
// old processing the mime type out of path using the extension part if new way returned null
if (mimeType == null){mimeType URLConnection.guessContentTypeFromName(path);}