如何在c#中加密和解密字符串?
当前回答
下面的示例演示如何加密和解密示例数据:
// This constant is used to determine the keysize of the encryption algorithm in bits.
// We divide this by 8 within the code below to get the equivalent number of bytes.
private const int Keysize = 128;
// This constant determines the number of iterations for the password bytes generation function.
private const int DerivationIterations = 1000;
public static string Encrypt(string plainText, string passPhrase)
{
// Salt and IV is randomly generated each time, but is preprended to encrypted cipher text
// so that the same Salt and IV values can be used when decrypting.
var saltStringBytes = GenerateBitsOfRandomEntropy(16);
var ivStringBytes = GenerateBitsOfRandomEntropy(16);
var plainTextBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(plainText);
using (var password = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(passPhrase, saltStringBytes, DerivationIterations))
{
var keyBytes = password.GetBytes(Keysize / 8);
using (var symmetricKey = new RijndaelManaged())
{
symmetricKey.BlockSize = 128;
symmetricKey.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
symmetricKey.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;
using (var encryptor = symmetricKey.CreateEncryptor(keyBytes, ivStringBytes))
{
using (var memoryStream = new MemoryStream())
{
using (var cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(memoryStream, encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
cryptoStream.Write(plainTextBytes, 0, plainTextBytes.Length);
cryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock();
// Create the final bytes as a concatenation of the random salt bytes, the random iv bytes and the cipher bytes.
var cipherTextBytes = saltStringBytes;
cipherTextBytes = cipherTextBytes.Concat(ivStringBytes).ToArray();
cipherTextBytes = cipherTextBytes.Concat(memoryStream.ToArray()).ToArray();
memoryStream.Close();
cryptoStream.Close();
return Convert.ToBase64String(cipherTextBytes);
}
}
}
}
}
}
public static string Decrypt(string cipherText, string passPhrase)
{
// Get the complete stream of bytes that represent:
// [32 bytes of Salt] + [32 bytes of IV] + [n bytes of CipherText]
var cipherTextBytesWithSaltAndIv = Convert.FromBase64String(cipherText);
// Get the saltbytes by extracting the first 32 bytes from the supplied cipherText bytes.
var saltStringBytes = cipherTextBytesWithSaltAndIv.Take(Keysize / 8).ToArray();
// Get the IV bytes by extracting the next 32 bytes from the supplied cipherText bytes.
var ivStringBytes = cipherTextBytesWithSaltAndIv.Skip(Keysize / 8).Take(Keysize / 8).ToArray();
// Get the actual cipher text bytes by removing the first 64 bytes from the cipherText string.
var cipherTextBytes = cipherTextBytesWithSaltAndIv.Skip((Keysize / 8) * 2).Take(cipherTextBytesWithSaltAndIv.Length - ((Keysize / 8) * 2)).ToArray();
using (var password = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(passPhrase, saltStringBytes, DerivationIterations))
{
var keyBytes = password.GetBytes(Keysize / 8);
using (var symmetricKey = new RijndaelManaged())
{
symmetricKey.BlockSize = 128;
symmetricKey.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
symmetricKey.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;
using (var decryptor = symmetricKey.CreateDecryptor(keyBytes, ivStringBytes))
{
using (var memoryStream = new MemoryStream(cipherTextBytes))
{
using (var cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(memoryStream, decryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Read))
{
var plainTextBytes = new byte[cipherTextBytes.Length];
var decryptedByteCount = cryptoStream.Read(plainTextBytes, 0, plainTextBytes.Length);
memoryStream.Close();
cryptoStream.Close();
return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(plainTextBytes, 0, decryptedByteCount);
}
}
}
}
}
}
private static byte[] GenerateBitsOfRandomEntropy(int size)
{
// 32 Bytes will give us 256 bits.
// 16 Bytes will give us 128 bits.
var randomBytes = new byte[size];
using (var rngCsp = new RNGCryptoServiceProvider())
{
// Fill the array with cryptographically secure random bytes.
rngCsp.GetBytes(randomBytes);
}
return randomBytes;
}
其他回答
如果您正在使用ASP。你现在可以使用。Net 4.0以后的内置功能了。
System.Web.Security.MachineKey
. net 4.5有MachineKey.Protect()和MachineKey.Unprotect()。
. net 4.0有MachineKey.Encode()和MachineKey.Decode()。你应该将MachineKeyProtection设置为“All”。
ASP之外。Net这个类似乎在每次应用程序重新启动时都会生成一个新键,所以不起作用。在ILSpy中,如果缺少适当的app.settings,它就会生成自己的默认值。你可以在ASP.Net之外设置。
我还没找到非asp的。系统外的净等值。网络名称空间。
支持mattmanser的回答。下面是一个使用MachineKey类加密/解密URL安全值的示例。
Something to bear in mind, as mentioned before, this will use Machine config settings (https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff649308.aspx). You can set encryption and decryption key/algorithm manually (you might need this specially if your site is running on multiple servers) in web.config file. You can generate keys from IIS (see here: https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/vijaysk/2009/05/13/iis-7-tip-10-you-can-generate-machine-keys-from-the-iis-manager/) or can use an online machine key generator like: http://www.developerfusion.com/tools/generatemachinekey/
private static readonly UTF8Encoding Encoder = new UTF8Encoding();
public static string Encrypt(string unencrypted)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(unencrypted))
return string.Empty;
try
{
var encryptedBytes = MachineKey.Protect(Encoder.GetBytes(unencrypted));
if (encryptedBytes != null && encryptedBytes.Length > 0)
return HttpServerUtility.UrlTokenEncode(encryptedBytes);
}
catch (Exception)
{
return string.Empty;
}
return string.Empty;
}
public static string Decrypt(string encrypted)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(encrypted))
return string.Empty;
try
{
var bytes = HttpServerUtility.UrlTokenDecode(encrypted);
if (bytes != null && bytes.Length > 0)
{
var decryptedBytes = MachineKey.Unprotect(bytes);
if(decryptedBytes != null && decryptedBytes.Length > 0)
return Encoder.GetString(decryptedBytes);
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
return string.Empty;
}
return string.Empty;
}
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for Encryption
/// </summary>
public class Encryption
{
public TripleDES CreateDES(string key)
{
MD5 md5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
TripleDES des = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider();
des.Key = md5.ComputeHash(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(key));
des.IV = new byte[des.BlockSize / 8];
return des;
}
public byte[] Encryptiondata(string PlainText)
{
TripleDES des = CreateDES("DreamMLMKey");
ICryptoTransform ct = des.CreateEncryptor();
byte[] input = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(PlainText);
return ct.TransformFinalBlock(input, 0, input.Length);
}
public string Decryptiondata(string CypherText)
{
string stringToDecrypt = CypherText.Replace(" ", "+");
int len = stringToDecrypt.Length;
byte[] inputByteArray = Convert.FromBase64String(stringToDecrypt);
byte[] b = Convert.FromBase64String(CypherText);
TripleDES des = CreateDES("DreamMLMKey");
ICryptoTransform ct = des.CreateDecryptor();
byte[] output = ct.TransformFinalBlock(b, 0, b.Length);
return Encoding.Unicode.GetString(output);
}
public string Decryptiondataurl(string CypherText)
{
string newcyperttext=CypherText.Replace(' ', '+');
byte[] b = Convert.FromBase64String(newcyperttext);
TripleDES des = CreateDES("DreamMLMKey");
ICryptoTransform ct = des.CreateDecryptor();
byte[] output = ct.TransformFinalBlock(b, 0, b.Length);
return Encoding.Unicode.GetString(output);
}
#region encryption & Decription
public string Encrypt(string input, string key)
{
byte[] inputArray = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(input);
TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider tripleDES = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider();
tripleDES.Key = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key);
tripleDES.Mode = CipherMode.ECB;
tripleDES.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;
ICryptoTransform cTransform = tripleDES.CreateEncryptor();
byte[] resultArray = cTransform.TransformFinalBlock(inputArray, 0, inputArray.Length);
tripleDES.Clear();
return Convert.ToBase64String(resultArray, 0, resultArray.Length);
}
public string Decrypt(string input, string key)
{
byte[] inputArray = Convert.FromBase64String(input);
TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider tripleDES = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider();
tripleDES.Key = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key);
tripleDES.Mode = CipherMode.ECB;
tripleDES.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;
ICryptoTransform cTransform = tripleDES.CreateDecryptor();
byte[] resultArray = cTransform.TransformFinalBlock(inputArray, 0, inputArray.Length);
tripleDES.Clear();
return UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString(resultArray);
}
public string encrypt(string encryptString)
{
string EncryptionKey = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
byte[] clearBytes = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(encryptString);
using (Aes encryptor = Aes.Create())
{
Rfc2898DeriveBytes pdb = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(EncryptionKey, new byte[] {
0x49, 0x76, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x20, 0x4d, 0x65, 0x64, 0x76, 0x65, 0x64, 0x65, 0x76
});
encryptor.Key = pdb.GetBytes(32);
encryptor.IV = pdb.GetBytes(16);
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
using (CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms, encryptor.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
cs.Write(clearBytes, 0, clearBytes.Length);
cs.Close();
}
encryptString = Convert.ToBase64String(ms.ToArray());
}
}
return encryptString;
}
public string Decrypt(string cipherText)
{
string EncryptionKey = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
cipherText = cipherText.Replace(" ", "+");
byte[] cipherBytes = Convert.FromBase64String(cipherText);
using (Aes encryptor = Aes.Create())
{
Rfc2898DeriveBytes pdb = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(EncryptionKey, new byte[] {
0x49, 0x76, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x20, 0x4d, 0x65, 0x64, 0x76, 0x65, 0x64, 0x65, 0x76
});
encryptor.Key = pdb.GetBytes(32);
encryptor.IV = pdb.GetBytes(16);
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
using (CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms, encryptor.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
cs.Write(cipherBytes, 0, cipherBytes.Length);
cs.Close();
}
cipherText = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(ms.ToArray());
}
}
return cipherText;
}
#endregion
}
加密
public string EncryptString(string inputString)
{
MemoryStream memStream = null;
try
{
byte[] key = { };
byte[] IV = { 12, 21, 43, 17, 57, 35, 67, 27 };
string encryptKey = "aXb2uy4z"; // MUST be 8 characters
key = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(encryptKey);
byte[] byteInput = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(inputString);
DESCryptoServiceProvider provider = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();
memStream = new MemoryStream();
ICryptoTransform transform = provider.CreateEncryptor(key, IV);
CryptoStream cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(memStream, transform, CryptoStreamMode.Write);
cryptoStream.Write(byteInput, 0, byteInput.Length);
cryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Response.Write(ex.Message);
}
return Convert.ToBase64String(memStream.ToArray());
}
解密:
public string DecryptString(string inputString)
{
MemoryStream memStream = null;
try
{
byte[] key = { };
byte[] IV = { 12, 21, 43, 17, 57, 35, 67, 27 };
string encryptKey = "aXb2uy4z"; // MUST be 8 characters
key = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(encryptKey);
byte[] byteInput = new byte[inputString.Length];
byteInput = Convert.FromBase64String(inputString);
DESCryptoServiceProvider provider = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();
memStream = new MemoryStream();
ICryptoTransform transform = provider.CreateDecryptor(key, IV);
CryptoStream cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(memStream, transform, CryptoStreamMode.Write);
cryptoStream.Write(byteInput, 0, byteInput.Length);
cryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Response.Write(ex.Message);
}
Encoding encoding1 = Encoding.UTF8;
return encoding1.GetString(memStream.ToArray());
}
很好的例子如何做到这一点使用PGPCore与BouncyCastle,非常简单的解决方案:https://blog.bitscry.com/2018/07/05/pgp-encryption-and-decryption-in-c/
我尝试了不同的解决方案,但这对我来说是最好的,有些bug,但这是完美的。
using (PGP pgp = new PGP())
{
// Generate keys
pgp.GenerateKey(@"C:\TEMP\keys\public.asc", @"C:\TEMP\keys\private.asc", "email@email.com", "password");
// Encrypt file
pgp.EncryptFile(@"C:\TEMP\keys\content.txt", @"C:\TEMP\keys\content__encrypted.pgp", @"C:\TEMP\keys\public.asc", true, true);
// Encrypt and sign file
pgp.EncryptFileAndSign(@"C:\TEMP\keys\content.txt", @"C:\TEMP\keys\content__encrypted_signed.pgp", @"C:\TEMP\keys\public.asc", @"C:\TEMP\keys\private.asc", "password", true, true);
// Decrypt file
pgp.DecryptFile(@"C:\TEMP\keys\content__encrypted.pgp", @"C:\TEMP\keys\content__decrypted.txt", @"C:\TEMP\keys\private.asc", "password");
// Decrypt signed file
pgp.DecryptFile(@"C:\TEMP\keys\content__encrypted_signed.pgp", @"C:\TEMP\keys\content__decrypted_signed.txt", @"C:\TEMP\keys\private.asc", "password");
// Encrypt stream
using (FileStream inputFileStream = new FileStream(@"C:\TEMP\keys\content.txt", FileMode.Open))
using (Stream outputFileStream = File.Create(@"C:\TEMP\keys\content__encrypted2.pgp"))
using (Stream publicKeyStream = new FileStream(@"C:\TEMP\keys\public.asc", FileMode.Open))
pgp.EncryptStream(inputFileStream, outputFileStream, publicKeyStream, true, true);
// Decrypt stream
using (FileStream inputFileStream = new FileStream(@"C:\TEMP\keys\content__encrypted2.pgp", FileMode.Open))
using (Stream outputFileStream = File.Create(@"C:\TEMP\keys\content__decrypted2.txt"))
using (Stream privateKeyStream = new FileStream(@"C:\TEMP\keys\private.asc", FileMode.Open))
pgp.DecryptStream(inputFileStream, outputFileStream, privateKeyStream, "password");
}
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