这里W和H是输入的宽和高， F为滤波器维数， P是填充大小(即要填充的行数或列数)

对于相同的填充:

对于有效填充:

这里W和H是输入的宽和高， F为滤波器维数， P是填充大小(即要填充的行数或列数)

对于相同的填充:

对于有效填充:

TensorFlow Convolution的例子概述了SAME和VALID的区别:

对于相同的填充，输出的高度和宽度计算如下: Out_height = ceil(float(in_height) / float(strides[1])) Out_width = ceil(float(in_width) / float(strides[2]))

And

对于VALID填充，输出高度和宽度的计算如下: Out_height = ceil(float(in_height - filter_height + 1) / float(strides[1])) Out_width = ceil(float(in_width - filter_width + 1) / float(strides[2]))

当stride为1时(卷积比池化更典型)，我们可以想到以下区别:

“SAME”:输出大小与输入大小相同。这就要求滤镜窗口要在输入贴图外滑动，因此需要垫片。 "VALID":过滤器窗口保持在输入映射中的有效位置，因此输出大小缩小为filter_size - 1。没有填充。

我举个例子来说明:

X:输入形状[2,3]的图像，1通道 valid_pad: max pool with 2x2 kernel, stride 2和VALID padding。 same_pad: max pool with 2x2 kernel, stride 2和SAME padding(这是经典的方法)

输出形状为:

Valid_pad:这里没有填充，所以输出形状是[1,1] Same_pad:在这里，我们将图像填充到形状[2,4](使用-inf，然后应用Max pool)，因此输出形状是[1,2]

x = tf.constant([[1., 2., 3.],
                 [4., 5., 6.]])

x = tf.reshape(x, [1, 2, 3, 1])  # give a shape accepted by tf.nn.max_pool

valid_pad = tf.nn.max_pool(x, [1, 2, 2, 1], [1, 2, 2, 1], padding='VALID')
same_pad = tf.nn.max_pool(x, [1, 2, 2, 1], [1, 2, 2, 1], padding='SAME')

valid_pad.get_shape() == [1, 1, 1, 1]  # valid_pad is [5.]
same_pad.get_shape() == [1, 1, 2, 1]   # same_pad is  [5., 6.]

快速的解释

VALID:不要应用任何填充，也就是说，假设所有的维度都是有效的，这样输入的图像就会被你指定的过滤器和stride完全覆盖。

SAME:应用填充到输入(如果需要)，以便输入图像被过滤器和步幅完全覆盖。对于stride 1，这将确保输出图像大小与输入相同。

笔记

This applies to conv layers as well as max pool layers in same way The term "valid" is bit of a misnomer because things don't become "invalid" if you drop part of the image. Sometime you might even want that. This should have probably be called NO_PADDING instead. The term "same" is a misnomer too because it only makes sense for stride of 1 when output dimension is same as input dimension. For stride of 2, output dimensions will be half, for example. This should have probably be called AUTO_PADDING instead. In SAME (i.e. auto-pad mode), Tensorflow will try to spread padding evenly on both left and right. In VALID (i.e. no padding mode), Tensorflow will drop right and/or bottom cells if your filter and stride doesn't full cover input image.