我已经使用Swift的扩展功能和枚举扩展了接受的答案。

哦，如果你像我一样使用Storyboard，一定要在viewDidLayoutSubviews()或以后调用gradientBackground(from:to:direction:)。

斯威夫特3

enum GradientDirection {
    case leftToRight
    case rightToLeft
    case topToBottom
    case bottomToTop
}

extension UIView {
    func gradientBackground(from color1: UIColor, to color2: UIColor, direction: GradientDirection) {
        let gradient = CAGradientLayer()
        gradient.frame = self.bounds
        gradient.colors = [color1.cgColor, color2.cgColor]

        switch direction {
        case .leftToRight:
            gradient.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 0.5)
            gradient.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 0.5)
        case .rightToLeft:
            gradient.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 0.5)
            gradient.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 0.5)
        case .bottomToTop:
            gradient.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.5, y: 1.0)
            gradient.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.5, y: 0.0)
        default:
            break
        }

        self.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, at: 0)
    }
}

你要找的是CAGradientLayer。每个UIView都有一个层-在这个层中你可以添加子层，就像你可以添加子视图一样。一个特定的类型是CAGradientLayer，在这里你给它一个颜色数组来渐变。

一个例子是这个简单的渐变视图包装器:

http://oleb.net/blog/2010/04/obgradientview-a-simple-uiview-wrapper-for-cagradientlayer/

注意，为了访问UIView的所有层部分，你需要包括QuartZCore框架。

基于Yuchen版本的简单swift视图

class GradientView: UIView {
    override class func layerClass() -> AnyClass { return CAGradientLayer.self }

    lazy var gradientLayer: CAGradientLayer = {
        return self.layer as! CAGradientLayer
    }()

    override init(frame: CGRect) {
        super.init(frame: frame)
    }

    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: aDecoder)
    }

}

然后你可以在初始化后使用gradientLayer，像这样…

someView.gradientLayer.colors = [UIColor.whiteColor().CGColor, UIColor.blackColor().CGColor]

我已经使用Swift的扩展功能和枚举扩展了接受的答案。

哦，如果你像我一样使用Storyboard，一定要在viewDidLayoutSubviews()或以后调用gradientBackground(from:to:direction:)。

斯威夫特3

enum GradientDirection {
    case leftToRight
    case rightToLeft
    case topToBottom
    case bottomToTop
}

extension UIView {
    func gradientBackground(from color1: UIColor, to color2: UIColor, direction: GradientDirection) {
        let gradient = CAGradientLayer()
        gradient.frame = self.bounds
        gradient.colors = [color1.cgColor, color2.cgColor]

        switch direction {
        case .leftToRight:
            gradient.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 0.5)
            gradient.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 0.5)
        case .rightToLeft:
            gradient.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 0.5)
            gradient.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 0.5)
        case .bottomToTop:
            gradient.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.5, y: 1.0)
            gradient.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.5, y: 0.0)
        default:
            break
        }

        self.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, at: 0)
    }
}

快速的方法

This answer builds on the answers above and provides implementation for dealing with the problem of the gradient not being properly applied during rotation. It satisfies this problem by changing the gradient layer to a square so that rotation in all directions results in a correct gradient. The function signature includes a Swift variadic argument that allows one to pass in as many CGColorRef's (CGColor) as needed (see sample usage). Also provided is an example as a Swift extension so that one can apply a gradient to any UIView.

   func configureGradientBackground(colors:CGColorRef...){

        let gradient: CAGradientLayer = CAGradientLayer()
        let maxWidth = max(self.view.bounds.size.height,self.view.bounds.size.width)
        let squareFrame = CGRect(origin: self.view.bounds.origin, size: CGSizeMake(maxWidth, maxWidth))
        gradient.frame = squareFrame

        gradient.colors = colors
        view.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, atIndex: 0)
    }

使用方法:

在viewDidLoad ...

  override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        configureGradientBackground(UIColor.redColor().CGColor, UIColor.whiteColor().CGColor)
  }

扩展的实现

extension CALayer {


    func configureGradientBackground(colors:CGColorRef...){

        let gradient = CAGradientLayer()

        let maxWidth = max(self.bounds.size.height,self.bounds.size.width)
        let squareFrame = CGRect(origin: self.bounds.origin, size: CGSizeMake(maxWidth, maxWidth))
        gradient.frame = squareFrame

        gradient.colors = colors

        self.insertSublayer(gradient, atIndex: 0)
    }

}

扩展用例示例:

 override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        self.view.layer.configureGradientBackground(UIColor.purpleColor().CGColor, UIColor.blueColor().CGColor, UIColor.whiteColor().CGColor)
 }

这意味着渐变背景现在可以应用到任何UIControl，因为所有的控件都是UIViews(或子类)，所有的UIViews都有calayer。

斯威夫特4

扩展的实现

extension CALayer {
    public func configureGradientBackground(_ colors:CGColor...){

        let gradient = CAGradientLayer()

        let maxWidth = max(self.bounds.size.height,self.bounds.size.width)
        let squareFrame = CGRect(origin: self.bounds.origin, size: CGSize(width: maxWidth, height: maxWidth))
        gradient.frame = squareFrame

        gradient.colors = colors

        self.insertSublayer(gradient, at: 0)
    }    
}

扩展用例示例:

override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()

    self.view.layer.configureGradientBackground(UIColor.purple.cgColor, UIColor.blue.cgColor, UIColor.white.cgColor)
}

这个框架适用于Historyboard中的渐变和其他UI修改:在Interface Builder中使用IBAnimatable为App Store就绪的应用程序设计和原型定制UI、交互、导航、过渡和动画。

有了这个，你可以选择一个视图，将类设置为AnimatableView，并从Interface Builder属性设置梯度和实时预览结果。

看这个知道如何应用渐变到UIView。