如果你不介意引入依赖，CliWrap可以为你简化:

using CliWrap;
using CliWrap.Buffered;

var result = await Cli.Wrap("target.exe")
   .WithArguments("arguments")
   .ExecuteBufferedAsync();

var stdout = result.StandardOutput;

在PublicDomain开源代码中有一个ProcessHelper类，你可能会感兴趣。

因为这里的大多数答案都没有实现IDisposable的using语句和一些其他的东西，我认为可能是必要的，我会添加这个答案。

对于c# 8.0

// Start a process with the filename or path with filename e.g. "cmd". Please note the 
//using statemant
using myProcess.StartInfo.FileName = "cmd";
// add the arguments - Note add "/c" if you want to carry out tge  argument in cmd and  
// terminate
myProcess.StartInfo.Arguments = "/c dir";
// Allows to raise events
myProcess.EnableRaisingEvents = true;
//hosted by the application itself to not open a black cmd window
myProcess.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
myProcess.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
// Eventhander for data
myProcess.Exited += OnOutputDataRecived;
// Eventhandler for error
myProcess.ErrorDataReceived += OnErrorDataReceived;
// Eventhandler wich fires when exited
myProcess.Exited += OnExited;
// Starts the process
myProcess.Start();
//read the output before you wait for exit
myProcess.BeginOutputReadLine();
// wait for the finish - this will block (leave this out if you dont want to wait for 
// it, so it runs without blocking)
process.WaitForExit();

// Handle the dataevent
private void OnOutputDataRecived(object sender, DataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
    //do something with your data
    Trace.WriteLine(e.Data);
}

//Handle the error
private void OnErrorDataReceived(object sender, DataReceivedEventArgs e)
{        
    Trace.WriteLine(e.Data);
    //do something with your exception
    throw new Exception();
}    

// Handle Exited event and display process information.
private void OnExited(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
     Trace.WriteLine("Process exited");
}

这里有一个简单的例子:

//Create process
System.Diagnostics.Process pProcess = new System.Diagnostics.Process();

//strCommand is path and file name of command to run
pProcess.StartInfo.FileName = strCommand;

//strCommandParameters are parameters to pass to program
pProcess.StartInfo.Arguments = strCommandParameters;

pProcess.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;

//Set output of program to be written to process output stream
pProcess.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;   

//Optional
pProcess.StartInfo.WorkingDirectory = strWorkingDirectory;

//Start the process
pProcess.Start();

//Get program output
string strOutput = pProcess.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();

//Wait for process to finish
pProcess.WaitForExit();

您可以使用Process类启动任何命令行程序，并使用您创建的流阅读器(基于字符串或内存位置)设置Process实例的StandardOutput属性。流程完成后，您就可以在流上执行所需的任何diff。

这可能不是最好/最简单的方法，但可能是一种选择:

当从代码执行时，添加“> output.txt”，然后读入output.txt文件。