public static class Service<TChannel>
{
    public static ChannelFactory<TChannel> ChannelFactory = new ChannelFactory<TChannel>("*");

    public static TReturn Use<TReturn>(Func<TChannel,TReturn> codeBlock)
    {
        var proxy = (IClientChannel)ChannelFactory.CreateChannel();
        var success = false;
        try
        {
            var result = codeBlock((TChannel)proxy);
            proxy.Close();
            success = true;
            return result;
        }
        finally
        {
            if (!success)
            {
                proxy.Abort();
            }
        }
    }
}

所以它允许很好地编写return语句:

return Service<IOrderService>.Use(orderService => 
{ 
    return orderService.PlaceOrder(request); 
}); 

您还可以使用DynamicProxy来扩展Dispose()方法。你可以这样做:

using (var wrapperdProxy = new Proxy<yourProxy>())
{
   // Do whatever and dispose of Proxy<yourProxy> will be called and work properly.
}

总结

使用这个答案中描述的技术，你可以在Using块中使用一个WCF服务，语法如下:

var channelFactory = new ChannelFactory<IMyService>("");

var serviceHelper = new ServiceHelper<IMyService>(channelFactory);
var proxy = serviceHelper.CreateChannel();
using (proxy as IDisposable)
{
    proxy.DoWork();
}

当然，您还可以进一步对其进行调整，以实现特定于您的情况的更简洁的编程模型——但重点是，我们可以创建表示正确实现一次性模式的通道的IMyService实现。

细节

All the answers given thus far address the problem of getting around the "bug" in the WCF Channel implemention of IDisposable. The answer that seems to offer the most concise programming model (allowing you to use the using block to dispose on unmanaged resources) is this one - where the proxy is modifed to implement IDisposable with a bug-free implementation. The problem with this approach is maintainability - we have to re-implement this functionality for ever proxy we use. On a variation of this answer we will see how we can use composition rather than inheritance to make this technique generic.

第一次尝试

对于IDisposable实现，似乎有各种各样的实现，但为了便于讨论，我们将使用当前公认答案的一种改编。

[ServiceContract]
public interface IMyService
{
    [OperationContract]
    void DoWork();
}

public class ProxyDisposer : IDisposable
{
    private IClientChannel _clientChannel;


    public ProxyDisposer(IClientChannel clientChannel)
    {
        _clientChannel = clientChannel;
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        var success = false;
        try
        {
            _clientChannel.Close();
            success = true;
        }
        finally
        {
            if (!success)
                _clientChannel.Abort();
            _clientChannel = null;
        }
    }
}

public class ProxyWrapper : IMyService, IDisposable
{
    private IMyService _proxy;
    private IDisposable _proxyDisposer;

    public ProxyWrapper(IMyService proxy, IDisposable disposable)
    {
        _proxy = proxy;
        _proxyDisposer = disposable;
    }

    public void DoWork()
    {
        _proxy.DoWork();
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        _proxyDisposer.Dispose();
    }
}

有了上面的类，我们现在就可以编写了

public class ServiceHelper
{
    private readonly ChannelFactory<IMyService> _channelFactory;

    public ServiceHelper(ChannelFactory<IMyService> channelFactory )
    {
        _channelFactory = channelFactory;
    }

    public IMyService CreateChannel()
    {
        var channel = _channelFactory.CreateChannel();
        var channelDisposer = new ProxyDisposer(channel as IClientChannel);
        return new ProxyWrapper(channel, channelDisposer);
    }
}

这允许我们使用using块来消费我们的服务:

ServiceHelper serviceHelper = ...;
var proxy = serviceHelper.CreateChannel();
using (proxy as IDisposable)
{
    proxy.DoWork();
}

让它变得通用

到目前为止，我们所做的只是重新表述了托马斯的解。阻止这段代码成为泛型的原因是，必须为我们想要的每个服务契约重新实现ProxyWrapper类。现在我们来看看一个类，它允许我们使用IL动态创建这种类型:

public class ServiceHelper<T>
{
    private readonly ChannelFactory<T> _channelFactory;

    private static readonly Func<T, IDisposable, T> _channelCreator;

    static ServiceHelper()
    {
        /** 
         * Create a method that can be used generate the channel. 
         * This is effectively a compiled verion of new ProxyWrappper(channel, channelDisposer) for our proxy type
         * */
        var assemblyName = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
        var an = new AssemblyName(assemblyName);
        var assemblyBuilder = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(an, AssemblyBuilderAccess.Run);
        var moduleBuilder = assemblyBuilder.DefineDynamicModule(assemblyName);

        var proxyType = CreateProxyType(moduleBuilder, typeof(T), typeof(IDisposable));

        var channelCreatorMethod = new DynamicMethod("ChannelFactory", typeof(T),
            new[] { typeof(T), typeof(IDisposable) });

        var ilGen = channelCreatorMethod.GetILGenerator();
        var proxyVariable = ilGen.DeclareLocal(typeof(T));
        var disposableVariable = ilGen.DeclareLocal(typeof(IDisposable));
        ilGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg, proxyVariable);
        ilGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg, disposableVariable);
        ilGen.Emit(OpCodes.Newobj, proxyType.GetConstructor(new[] { typeof(T), typeof(IDisposable) }));
        ilGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);

        _channelCreator =
            (Func<T, IDisposable, T>)channelCreatorMethod.CreateDelegate(typeof(Func<T, IDisposable, T>));

    }

    public ServiceHelper(ChannelFactory<T> channelFactory)
    {
        _channelFactory = channelFactory;
    }

    public T CreateChannel()
    {
        var channel = _channelFactory.CreateChannel();
        var channelDisposer = new ProxyDisposer(channel as IClientChannel);
        return _channelCreator(channel, channelDisposer);
    }

   /**
    * Creates a dynamic type analogous to ProxyWrapper, implementing T and IDisposable.
    * This method is actually more generic than this exact scenario.
    * */
    private static Type CreateProxyType(ModuleBuilder moduleBuilder, params Type[] interfacesToInjectAndImplement)
    {
        TypeBuilder tb = moduleBuilder.DefineType(Guid.NewGuid().ToString(),
            TypeAttributes.Public | TypeAttributes.Class);

        var typeFields = interfacesToInjectAndImplement.ToDictionary(tf => tf,
            tf => tb.DefineField("_" + tf.Name, tf, FieldAttributes.Private));

        #region Constructor

        var constructorBuilder = tb.DefineConstructor(
            MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.HideBySig | MethodAttributes.SpecialName |
            MethodAttributes.RTSpecialName,
            CallingConventions.Standard,
            interfacesToInjectAndImplement);

        var il = constructorBuilder.GetILGenerator();
        il.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
        il.Emit(OpCodes.Call, typeof(object).GetConstructor(new Type[0]));

        for (var i = 1; i <= interfacesToInjectAndImplement.Length; i++)
        {
            il.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
            il.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg, i);
            il.Emit(OpCodes.Stfld, typeFields[interfacesToInjectAndImplement[i - 1]]);
        }
        il.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);

        #endregion

        #region Add Interface Implementations

        foreach (var type in interfacesToInjectAndImplement)
        {
            tb.AddInterfaceImplementation(type);
        }

        #endregion

        #region Implement Interfaces

        foreach (var type in interfacesToInjectAndImplement)
        {
            foreach (var method in type.GetMethods())
            {
                var methodBuilder = tb.DefineMethod(method.Name,
                    MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.Virtual | MethodAttributes.HideBySig |
                    MethodAttributes.Final | MethodAttributes.NewSlot,
                    method.ReturnType,
                    method.GetParameters().Select(p => p.ParameterType).ToArray());
                il = methodBuilder.GetILGenerator();

                if (method.ReturnType == typeof(void))
                {
                    il.Emit(OpCodes.Nop);
                    il.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
                    il.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, typeFields[type]);
                    il.Emit(OpCodes.Callvirt, method);
                    il.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);
                }
                else
                {
                    il.DeclareLocal(method.ReturnType);

                    il.Emit(OpCodes.Nop);
                    il.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
                    il.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, typeFields[type]);

                    var methodParameterInfos = method.GetParameters();
                    for (var i = 0; i < methodParameterInfos.Length; i++)
                        il.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg, (i + 1));
                    il.Emit(OpCodes.Callvirt, method);

                    il.Emit(OpCodes.Stloc_0);
                    var defineLabel = il.DefineLabel();
                    il.Emit(OpCodes.Br_S, defineLabel);
                    il.MarkLabel(defineLabel);
                    il.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc_0);
                    il.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);
                }

                tb.DefineMethodOverride(methodBuilder, method);
            }
        }

        #endregion

        return tb.CreateType();
    }
}

有了新的助手类，我们现在可以编写

var channelFactory = new ChannelFactory<IMyService>("");

var serviceHelper = new ServiceHelper<IMyService>(channelFactory);
var proxy = serviceHelper.CreateChannel();
using (proxy as IDisposable)
{
    proxy.DoWork();
}

注意，对于继承ClientBase<>的自动生成客户端(而不是使用ChannelFactory<>)，或者如果您想使用IDisposable的不同实现来关闭通道，也可以使用相同的技术(稍作修改)。

实际上，尽管我写了博客(见Luke的回答)，我认为这比我的IDisposable包装更好。典型的代码:

Service<IOrderService>.Use(orderService=>
{
  orderService.PlaceOrder(request);
}); 

(按评论编辑)

由于Use返回void，处理返回值的最简单方法是通过一个捕获的变量:

int newOrderId = 0; // need a value for definite assignment
Service<IOrderService>.Use(orderService=>
  {
    newOrderId = orderService.PlaceOrder(request);
  });
Console.WriteLine(newOrderId); // should be updated

对于那些感兴趣的人，这里有一个VB。NET翻译的公认答案(如下)。为了简洁起见，我结合了这篇文章中其他人的一些建议，对它进行了一些改进。

我承认这是偏离主题的原始标签(c#)，但我不能找到一个VB。NET版本的这个很好的解决方案，我想其他人也会关注的。Lambda翻译可能有点棘手，所以我想省去一些麻烦。

注意，这个特殊的实现提供了在运行时配置ServiceEndpoint的能力。

代码:

Namespace Service
  Public NotInheritable Class Disposable(Of T)
    Public Shared ChannelFactory As New ChannelFactory(Of T)(Service)

    Public Shared Sub Use(Execute As Action(Of T))
      Dim oProxy As IClientChannel

      oProxy = ChannelFactory.CreateChannel

      Try
        Execute(oProxy)
        oProxy.Close()

      Catch
        oProxy.Abort()
        Throw

      End Try
    End Sub



    Public Shared Function Use(Of TResult)(Execute As Func(Of T, TResult)) As TResult
      Dim oProxy As IClientChannel

      oProxy = ChannelFactory.CreateChannel

      Try
        Use = Execute(oProxy)
        oProxy.Close()

      Catch
        oProxy.Abort()
        Throw

      End Try
    End Function



    Public Shared ReadOnly Property Service As ServiceEndpoint
      Get
        Return New ServiceEndpoint(
          ContractDescription.GetContract(
            GetType(T),
            GetType(Action(Of T))),
          New BasicHttpBinding,
          New EndpointAddress(Utils.WcfUri.ToString))
      End Get
    End Property
  End Class
End Namespace

用法:

Public ReadOnly Property Jobs As List(Of Service.Job)
  Get
    Disposable(Of IService).Use(Sub(Client) Jobs = Client.GetJobs(Me.Status))
  End Get
End Property

Public ReadOnly Property Jobs As List(Of Service.Job)
  Get
    Return Disposable(Of IService).Use(Function(Client) Client.GetJobs(Me.Status))
  End Get
End Property

我们的系统架构经常使用Unity IoC框架来创建ClientBase实例，所以没有确定的方法来强制其他开发人员使用{}块。为了使它尽可能的万无一难，我做了这个扩展ClientBase的自定义类，并处理在dispose时关闭通道，或者在finalize时关闭通道，以防有人没有显式地处置Unity创建的实例。

还有一些东西需要在构造函数中完成，为自定义凭证和其他东西设置通道，所以也在这里…

public abstract class PFServer2ServerClientBase<TChannel> : ClientBase<TChannel>, IDisposable where TChannel : class
{
    private bool disposed = false;

    public PFServer2ServerClientBase()
    {
        // Copy information from custom identity into credentials, and other channel setup...
    }

    ~PFServer2ServerClientBase()
    {
        this.Dispose(false);
    }

    void IDisposable.Dispose()
    {
        this.Dispose(true);
        GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
    }

    public void Dispose(bool disposing)
    {
        if (!this.disposed)
        {
            try
            {
                    if (this.State == CommunicationState.Opened)
                        this.Close();
            }
            finally
            {
                if (this.State == CommunicationState.Faulted)
                    this.Abort();
            }
            this.disposed = true;
        }
    }
}

然后客户可以简单地:

internal class TestClient : PFServer2ServerClientBase<ITest>, ITest
{
    public string TestMethod(int value)
    {
        return base.Channel.TestMethod(value);
    }
}

调用者可以做以下任何一件事:

public SomeClass
{
    [Dependency]
    public ITest test { get; set; }

    // Not the best, but should still work due to finalizer.
    public string Method1(int value)
    {
        return this.test.TestMethod(value);
    }

    // The good way to do it
    public string Method2(int value)
    {
        using(ITest t = unityContainer.Resolve<ITest>())
        {
            return t.TestMethod(value);
        }
    }
}