如何将颜色在RGB格式转换为十六进制格式,反之亦然?

例如,将'#0080C0'转换为(0,128,192)。


当前回答

以下是我的看法:

function rgbToHex(red, green, blue) {
  const rgb = (red << 16) | (green << 8) | (blue << 0);
  return '#' + (0x1000000 + rgb).toString(16).slice(1);
}

function hexToRgb(hex) {
  const normal = hex.match(/^#([0-9a-f]{2})([0-9a-f]{2})([0-9a-f]{2})$/i);
  if (normal) return normal.slice(1).map(e => parseInt(e, 16));

  const shorthand = hex.match(/^#([0-9a-f])([0-9a-f])([0-9a-f])$/i);
  if (shorthand) return shorthand.slice(1).map(e => 0x11 * parseInt(e, 16));

  return null;
}

其他回答

上面的一个干净的咖啡脚本版本(谢谢@TimDown):

rgbToHex = (rgb) ->
    a = rgb.match /\d+/g
    rgb  unless a.length is 3
    "##{ ((1 << 24) + (parseInt(a[0]) << 16) + (parseInt(a[1]) << 8) + parseInt(a[2])).toString(16).slice(1) }"

当你在3D环境中工作时(webGL, ThreeJS),你有时需要为网格的不同面创建3个值,基本的一个(主色),一个浅一点的和一个深一点的:

material.color.set( 0x660000, 0xff0000, 0xff6666 ); // red cube

我们可以从主RBG颜色创建这3个值:255,0,0

function rgbToHex(rgb) { 
  var hex = Number(rgb).toString(16);
  if (hex.length < 2) {
       hex = "0" + hex;
  }
  return hex;
};

function convertToHex(r,g,b) { 

    var fact = 100;  // contrast 
    var code = '0x';

    // main color
    var r_hexa = rgbToHex(r);
    var g_hexa = rgbToHex(g);
    var b_hexa = rgbToHex(b);

    // lighter
    var r_light = rgbToHex(Math.floor(r+((1-(r/255))*fact)));
    var g_light = rgbToHex(Math.floor(g+((1-(g/255))*fact)));
    var b_light = rgbToHex(Math.floor(b+((1-(b/255))*fact)));

    // darker
    var r_dark = rgbToHex(Math.floor(r-((r/255)*(fact*1.5)))); // increase contrast
    var g_dark = rgbToHex(Math.floor(g-((g/255)*(fact*1.5))));
    var b_dark = rgbToHex(Math.floor(b-((b/255)*(fact*1.5))));

    var hexa = code+r_hexa+g_hexa+b_hexa;
    var light = code+r_light+g_light+b_light;
    var dark = code+r_dark+g_dark+b_dark;

    console.log('HEXs -> '+dark+" + "+hexa+" + "+light)

    var colors = [dark, hexa, light]; 
    return colors;

}

在你的ThreeJS代码中简单地写:

var material = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial();
var c = convertToHex(255,0,0); // red cube needed
material.color.set( Number(c[0]), Number(c[1]), Number(c[2]) );

结果:

//                                 dark      normal     light
convertToHex(255,255,255) HEXs -> 0x696969 + 0xffffff + 0xffffff
convertToHex(255,0,0) HEXs -> 0x690000 + 0xff0000 + 0xff6464
convertToHex(255,127,0) HEXs -> 0x690000 + 0xff0000 + 0xff6464
convertToHex(100,100,100) HEXs -> 0x292929 + 0x646464 + 0xa0a0a0
convertToHex(10,10,10) HEXs -> 0x040404 + 0x0a0a0a + 0x6a6a6a

rgb字符串到十六进制字符串的可读联机程序:

rgb = "rgb(0,128,255)"
hex = '#' + rgb.slice(4,-1).split(',').map(x => (+x).toString(16).padStart(2,0)).join('')

返回这里“#0080ff”。

哇。这些答案都不能处理分数的边缘情况,等等。当r, g, b为零时,位移版本也不起作用。

这是一个可以处理r g b是小数的版本。它对颜色之间的插值很有用,所以我也包括了这段代码。但它仍然不能处理r, g, b在0-255范围之外的情况

/**
 * Operates with colors.
 * @class Q.Colors
 */
 Q.Color = {
    /**
     * Get a color somewhere between startColor and endColor
     * @method toHex
     * @static
     * @param {String|Number} startColor 
     * @param {String|Number} endColor 
     * @param {String|Number} fraction 
     * @returns {String} a color as a hex string without '#' in front
     */
    toHex: function (r, g, b) {
        return [r, g, b].map(x => {
            const hex = Math.round(x).toString(16)
            return hex.length === 1 ? '0' + hex : hex
          }).join('');
    },
    /**
     * Get a color somewhere between startColor and endColor
     * @method between
     * @static
     * @param {String|Number} startColor 
     * @param {String|Number} endColor 
     * @param {String|Number} fraction 
     * @returns {String} a color as a hex string without '#' in front
     */
    between: function(startColor, endColor, fraction) {
        if (typeof startColor === 'string') {
            startColor = parseInt(startColor.replace('#', '0x'), 16);
        }
        if (typeof endColor === 'string') {
            endColor = parseInt(endColor.replace('#', '0x'), 16);
        }
        var startRed = (startColor >> 16) & 0xFF;
        var startGreen = (startColor >> 8) & 0xFF;
        var startBlue = startColor & 0xFF;
        var endRed = (endColor >> 16) & 0xFF;
        var endGreen = (endColor >> 8) & 0xFF;
        var endBlue = endColor & 0xFF;
        var newRed = startRed + fraction * (endRed - startRed);
        var newGreen = startGreen + fraction * (endGreen - startGreen);
        var newBlue = startBlue + fraction * (endBlue - startBlue);
        return Q.Color.toHex(newRed, newGreen, newBlue);
    },
    /**
     * Sets a new theme-color on the window
     * @method setWindowTheme
     * @static
     * @param {String} color in any CSS format, such as "#aabbcc"
     * @return {String} the previous color
     */
    setWindowTheme: function (color) {
        var meta = document.querySelector('meta[name="theme-color"]');
        var prevColor = null;
        if (meta) {
            prevColor = meta.getAttribute('content');
        }
        if (color) {
            if (!meta) {
                meta = document.createElement('meta');
                meta.setAttribute('name', 'theme-color');
            }
            meta.setAttribute('content', color);
        }
        return prevColor;
    },
    /**
     * Gets the current window theme color
     * @method getWindowTheme
     * @static
     * @param {String} color in any CSS format, such as "#aabbcc"
     * @return {String} the previous color
     */
    getWindowTheme: function () {
        var meta = document.querySelector('meta[name="theme-color"]');
        return meta.getAttribute('content');
    }
}

我假设您指的是html风格的十六进制符号,即#rrggbb。你的代码几乎是正确的,只是顺序颠倒了。它应该是:

var decColor = red * 65536 + green * 256 + blue;

此外,使用位移位可能会让它更容易阅读:

var decColor = (red << 16) + (green << 8) + blue;