我有一个HttpClient,我正在使用一个REST API。但是,我在设置授权标头时遇到了麻烦。我需要将标头设置为我从执行OAuth请求中接收到的令牌。 我看到了一些。net的代码,建议如下:

httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new Credential(OAuth.token);

然而,凭据类在WinRT中不存在。有人知道如何设置授权头吗?


当前回答

BaseWebApi.cs

public abstract class BaseWebApi
{
    //Inject HttpClient from Ninject
    private readonly HttpClient _httpClient;
    public BaseWebApi(HttpClient httpclient)
    {
        _httpClient = httpClient;
    }

    public async Task<TOut> PostAsync<TOut>(string method, object param, Dictionary<string, string> headers, HttpMethod httpMethod)
    {
        //Set url

        HttpResponseMessage response;
        using (var request = new HttpRequestMessage(httpMethod, url))
        {
            AddBody(param, request);
            AddHeaders(request, headers);
            response = await _httpClient.SendAsync(request, cancellationToken);
        }

        if(response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
        {
             return await response.Content.ReadAsAsync<TOut>();
        }
        //Exception handling
    }

    private void AddHeaders(HttpRequestMessage request, Dictionary<string, string> headers)
    {
        request.Headers.Accept.Clear();
        request.Headers.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));

        if (headers == null) return;

        foreach (var header in headers)
        {
            request.Headers.Add(header.Key, header.Value);
        }
    }

    private static void AddBody(object param, HttpRequestMessage request)
    {
        if (param != null)
        {
            var content = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(param);
            request.Content = new StringContent(content);
            request.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json");
        }
    }

SubWebApi.cs

public sealed class SubWebApi : BaseWebApi
{
    public SubWebApi(HttpClient httpClient) : base(httpClient) {}

    public async Task<StuffResponse> GetStuffAsync(int cvr)
    {
        var method = "get/stuff";
        var request = new StuffRequest 
        {
            query = "GiveMeStuff"
        }
        return await PostAsync<StuffResponse>(method, request, GetHeaders(), HttpMethod.Post);
    }
    private Dictionary<string, string> GetHeaders()
    {
        var headers = new Dictionary<string, string>();
        var basicAuth = GetBasicAuth();
        headers.Add("Authorization", basicAuth);
        return headers;
    }

    private string GetBasicAuth()
    {
        var byteArray = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes($"{SystemSettings.Username}:{SystemSettings.Password}");
        var authString = Convert.ToBase64String(byteArray);
        return $"Basic {authString}";
    }
}

其他回答

如果你想重用HttpClient,建议不要使用DefaultRequestHeaders,因为它们是用来发送每个请求的。

你可以试试这个:

var requestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage
    {
        Method = HttpMethod.Post,
        Content = new StringContent("...", Encoding.UTF8, "application/json"),
        RequestUri = new Uri("...")
    };

requestMessage.Headers.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Basic", 
    Convert.ToBase64String(System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes($"{user}:{password}")));

var response = await _httpClient.SendAsync(requestMessage);

6年过去了,但为了帮助别人,我加了这个。

https://www.codeproject.com/Tips/996401/Authenticate-WebAPIs-with-Basic-and-Windows-Authen

var authenticationBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("<username>:<password>");
using (HttpClient confClient = new HttpClient())
{
  confClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Basic", 
         Convert.ToBase64String(authenticationBytes));
  confClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue(Constants.MediaType));  
  HttpResponseMessage message = confClient.GetAsync("<service URI>").Result;
  if (message.IsSuccessStatusCode)
  {
    var inter = message.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
    List<string> result = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<string>>(inter.Result);
  }
}

对于性能和端口耗尽问题,重用HttpClient实例是一个很好的实践,而且因为没有一个答案给出了这个解决方案(甚至会把你引向糟糕的实践:),所以我在这里放了一个链接,指向我对类似问题的回答:

https://stackoverflow.com/a/40707446/717372

一些关于如何正确使用HttpClient的源代码:

https://aspnetmonsters.com/2016/08/2016-08-27-httpclientwrong/ https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/alazarev/2017/12/29/disposable-finalizers-and-httpclient/

我在寻找一个好的方法来处理这个问题,我也在考虑同样的问题。希望这个答案能帮助到每个和我一样有同样问题的人。

using (var client = new HttpClient())
{
    var url = "https://www.theidentityhub.com/{tenant}/api/identity/v1";
    client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Authorization", "Bearer " + accessToken);
    var response = await client.GetStringAsync(url);
    // Parse JSON response.
    ....
}

参考来自https://www.theidentityhub.com/hub/Documentation/CallTheIdentityHubApi

Oauth流程是复杂的,总是有一个或另一个错误的空间。 我的建议是始终使用样板代码和一组用于OAuth身份验证流的库。这会让你的生活更轻松。

下面是库集的链接。用于。net的OAuth库