我在TypeScript中定义了以下enum:

enum Color{
    Red, Green
}

现在在我的函数中,我以字符串的形式接收颜色。我尝试了以下代码:

var green= "Green";
var color : Color = <Color>green; // Error: can't convert string to enum

如何将该值转换为enum?


当前回答

我还遇到了同样的编译器错误。只是Sly_cardinal方法的一个稍短的变种。

var color: Color = Color[<string>colorId];

其他回答

提供的大多数答案都没有对Enums提供广泛的支持。允许OP请求只从字符串值中获取Enum,但是Enum也允许其他值。

interface StandardEnum<T> {
    [id: string]: T | string;
    [nu: number]: string;
}

/**
 * Converts the given representation of the value of one enumerated constant to an equivalent enumerated type.
 *
 * @param type - An enumeration type
 * @param value - A value to convert
 */
export const genericValueToEnum = <T, K extends StandardEnum<T>> (
    type: StandardEnum<T>,
    value: K[keyof K]
): T | undefined => {
    const keys = Object.keys(type); // ...but, not really.
    const values = Object.values(type)
        // Filter enum member names because `Object.values()` includes them.
        .filter((value) => !(
            typeof value === 'string' &&
            keys.includes(value) &&
            type[value] !== value
        ));

    return values.includes(value)
        ? value as unknown as T
        : undefined;
}

这将适用于所有枚举,无论它们多么复杂(或奇怪),只要它们没有被标记。

enum OddEnum {
    None = -1,
    No = 0,
    Yes = 1,
    Twenty = '20'
    Other = 'Other',
    MORE = 'More',
};

genericValueToEnum(OddEnum, -1); // => -1 as OddEnum;
genericValueToEnum(OddEnum, 'Other'); // => 'Other' as OddEnum;
genericValueToEnum(OddEnum, 'MORE'); // => undefined;

我得到了它的工作使用以下代码。

var green= "Green";
var color : Color= <Color>Color[green];

以这种方式创建的枚举被编译成一个对象,该对象同时存储正向(名称->值)和反向(值->名称)映射。从这张chrome devtools截图中我们可以看到:

下面是一个关于对偶映射如何工作以及如何从一个映射转换到另一个映射的例子:

enum Color{
    Red, Green
}
// To Number
var greenNr: number = Color['Green'];
console.log(greenNr); // logs 1

// To String
var greenString: string = Color[Color['Green']];  // or Color[Color[1]
console.log(greenString); // logs Green

// In your example

// recieve as Color.green instead of the string green
var green: string = Color[Color.Green];  

// obtain the enum number value which corresponds to the Color.green property
var color: Color = (<any>Color)[green];  

console.log(color); // logs 1

这些答案对我来说都太复杂了……

您可以简单地在枚举上创建一个解析函数,期望其中一个键作为参数。添加新颜色时,不需要进行其他更改

enum Color { red, green}

// Get the keys 'red' | 'green' (but not 'parse')
type ColorKey = keyof Omit<typeof Color, 'parse'>;

namespace Color {
  export function parse(colorName: ColorKey ) {
    return Color[colorName];
  }
}

// The key 'red' exists as an enum so no warning is given
Color.parse('red');  // == Colors.red

// Without the 'any' cast you would get a compile-time warning
// Because 'foo' is not one of the keys in the enum
Color.parse('foo' as any); // == undefined

// Creates warning:
// "Argument of type '"bar"' is not assignable to parameter of type '"red" | "green"'"
Color.parse('bar');

它在TypeScript 4.4.3 TS游乐场链接中为我工作。

  const stringToEnumValue = <T extends Record<string, string>, K extends keyof T>(
    enumObj: T,
    value: string,
  ): T[keyof T] | undefined =>
    enumObj[
      Object.keys(enumObj).filter(
        (k) => enumObj[k as K].toString() === value,
      )[0] as keyof typeof enumObj
    ];

  enum Color {
    Red = 'red',
    Green = 'green',
  }

  const result1 = stringToEnumValue(Color, 'yellow'); // undefined
  const result2 = stringToEnumValue(Color, 'green'); // Color.Green

  console.log(result1) // undefined = undefined
  console.log(result2) // Color.Green = "green"