我需要在SQL Server数据库中删除一个高度引用的表。我如何才能得到所有外键约束的列表,我将需要删除以便删除表?
(SQL比在管理工作室的GUI中点击更可取)
我需要在SQL Server数据库中删除一个高度引用的表。我如何才能得到所有外键约束的列表,我将需要删除以便删除表?
(SQL比在管理工作室的GUI中点击更可取)
当前回答
SELECT PKTABLE_QUALIFIER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,DB_NAME()),
PKTABLE_OWNER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,SCHEMA_NAME(O1.SCHEMA_ID)),
PKTABLE_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,O1.NAME),
PKCOLUMN_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,C1.NAME),
FKTABLE_QUALIFIER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,DB_NAME()),
FKTABLE_OWNER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,SCHEMA_NAME(O2.SCHEMA_ID)),
FKTABLE_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,O2.NAME),
FKCOLUMN_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,C2.NAME),
-- Force the column to be non-nullable (see SQL BU 325751)
--KEY_SEQ = isnull(convert(smallint,k.constraint_column_id), sysconv(smallint,0)),
UPDATE_RULE = CONVERT(SMALLINT,CASE OBJECTPROPERTY(F.OBJECT_ID,'CnstIsUpdateCascade')
WHEN 1 THEN 0
ELSE 1
END),
DELETE_RULE = CONVERT(SMALLINT,CASE OBJECTPROPERTY(F.OBJECT_ID,'CnstIsDeleteCascade')
WHEN 1 THEN 0
ELSE 1
END),
FK_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,OBJECT_NAME(F.OBJECT_ID)),
PK_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,I.NAME),
DEFERRABILITY = CONVERT(SMALLINT,7) -- SQL_NOT_DEFERRABLE
FROM SYS.ALL_OBJECTS O1,
SYS.ALL_OBJECTS O2,
SYS.ALL_COLUMNS C1,
SYS.ALL_COLUMNS C2,
SYS.FOREIGN_KEYS F
INNER JOIN SYS.FOREIGN_KEY_COLUMNS K
ON (K.CONSTRAINT_OBJECT_ID = F.OBJECT_ID)
INNER JOIN SYS.INDEXES I
ON (F.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID = I.OBJECT_ID
AND F.KEY_INDEX_ID = I.INDEX_ID)
WHERE O1.OBJECT_ID = F.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID
AND O2.OBJECT_ID = F.PARENT_OBJECT_ID
AND C1.OBJECT_ID = F.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID
AND C2.OBJECT_ID = F.PARENT_OBJECT_ID
AND C1.COLUMN_ID = K.REFERENCED_COLUMN_ID
AND C2.COLUMN_ID = K.PARENT_COLUMN_ID
其他回答
我知道这是一个很晚(非常晚)的回复,但我找到了这些简单的方法来找到所有的foreign_key_references。这是解决方案;
解决方案1:
EXEC SP_FKEYS 'MyTableName'; // It'll show you the all the information(in multiple tables) regarding to the TableName with all ForeignKey_References.
解决方案2:
EXEC SP_HELP 'MyTableName'; // It'll show all ForeignKey references in a single table.
解决方案03:
// It'll show you the Column_Name with Referenced_Table_Name
SELECT
COL_NAME(fc.parent_object_id,fc.parent_column_id) Column_Name,
OBJECT_NAME(f.parent_object_id) Table_Name
FROM
sys.foreign_keys AS f
INNER JOIN
sys.foreign_key_columns AS fc
ON f.OBJECT_ID = fc.constraint_object_id
INNER JOIN
sys.tables t
ON t.OBJECT_ID = fc.referenced_object_id
WHERE
OBJECT_NAME (f.referenced_object_id) = 'MyTableName'
希望这对你有很大帮助。: -)
确定数据库中所有表的主键和唯一键…
这应该列出所有的约束条件,在最后你可以放入过滤器
/* CAST IS DONE , SO THAT OUTPUT INTEXT FILE REMAINS WITH SCREEN LIMIT*/
WITH ALL_KEYS_IN_TABLE (CONSTRAINT_NAME,CONSTRAINT_TYPE,PARENT_TABLE_NAME,PARENT_COL_NAME,PARENT_COL_NAME_DATA_TYPE,REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME,REFERENCE_COL_NAME)
AS
(
SELECT CONSTRAINT_NAME= CAST (PKnUKEY.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
CONSTRAINT_TYPE=CAST (PKnUKEY.type_desc AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
PARENT_TABLE_NAME=CAST (PKnUTable.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
PARENT_COL_NAME=CAST ( PKnUKEYCol.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
PARENT_COL_NAME_DATA_TYPE= oParentColDtl.DATA_TYPE,
REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME='' ,
REFERENCE_COL_NAME=''
FROM sys.key_constraints as PKnUKEY
INNER JOIN sys.tables as PKnUTable
ON PKnUTable.object_id = PKnUKEY.parent_object_id
INNER JOIN sys.index_columns as PKnUColIdx
ON PKnUColIdx.object_id = PKnUTable.object_id
AND PKnUColIdx.index_id = PKnUKEY.unique_index_id
INNER JOIN sys.columns as PKnUKEYCol
ON PKnUKEYCol.object_id = PKnUTable.object_id
AND PKnUKEYCol.column_id = PKnUColIdx.column_id
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS oParentColDtl
ON oParentColDtl.TABLE_NAME=PKnUTable.name
AND oParentColDtl.COLUMN_NAME=PKnUKEYCol.name
UNION ALL
SELECT CONSTRAINT_NAME= CAST (oConstraint.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
CONSTRAINT_TYPE='FK',
PARENT_TABLE_NAME=CAST (oParent.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
PARENT_COL_NAME=CAST ( oParentCol.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
PARENT_COL_NAME_DATA_TYPE= oParentColDtl.DATA_TYPE,
REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME=CAST ( oReference.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
REFERENCE_COL_NAME=CAST (oReferenceCol.name AS VARCHAR(30))
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns FKC
INNER JOIN sys.sysobjects oConstraint
ON FKC.constraint_object_id=oConstraint.id
INNER JOIN sys.sysobjects oParent
ON FKC.parent_object_id=oParent.id
INNER JOIN sys.all_columns oParentCol
ON FKC.parent_object_id=oParentCol.object_id /* ID of the object to which this column belongs.*/
AND FKC.parent_column_id=oParentCol.column_id/* ID of the column. Is unique within the object.Column IDs might not be sequential.*/
INNER JOIN sys.sysobjects oReference
ON FKC.referenced_object_id=oReference.id
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS oParentColDtl
ON oParentColDtl.TABLE_NAME=oParent.name
AND oParentColDtl.COLUMN_NAME=oParentCol.name
INNER JOIN sys.all_columns oReferenceCol
ON FKC.referenced_object_id=oReferenceCol.object_id /* ID of the object to which this column belongs.*/
AND FKC.referenced_column_id=oReferenceCol.column_id/* ID of the column. Is unique within the object.Column IDs might not be sequential.*/
)
select * from ALL_KEYS_IN_TABLE
where
PARENT_TABLE_NAME in ('YOUR_TABLE_NAME')
or REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME in ('YOUR_TABLE_NAME')
ORDER BY PARENT_TABLE_NAME,CONSTRAINT_NAME;
如需参考,请阅读http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqltips/archive/2005/09/16/469136.aspx
上面有一些不错的答案。但我更喜欢一个问题就能得到答案。 这段代码来自sys. .Sp_helpconstraint (sys proc)
这是微软查找是否有与tbl关联的外键的方法。
--setup variables. Just change 'Customer' to tbl you want
declare @objid int,
@objname nvarchar(776)
select @objname = 'Customer'
select @objid = object_id(@objname)
if exists (select * from sys.foreign_keys where referenced_object_id = @objid)
select 'Table is referenced by foreign key' =
db_name() + '.'
+ rtrim(schema_name(ObjectProperty(parent_object_id,'schemaid')))
+ '.' + object_name(parent_object_id)
+ ': ' + object_name(object_id)
from sys.foreign_keys
where referenced_object_id = @objid
order by 1
答案看起来像这样:test_db_name.dbo。账户:FK_Account_Customer
最初的问题要求将所有外键的列表放入一个高度引用的表中,以便可以删除表。
这个小查询返回将所有外键放入特定表所需的“drop foreign key”命令:
SELECT
'ALTER TABLE ['+sch.name+'].['+referencingTable.Name+'] DROP CONSTRAINT ['+foreignKey.name+']' '[DropCommand]'
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns fk
JOIN sys.tables referencingTable ON fk.parent_object_id = referencingTable.object_id
JOIN sys.schemas sch ON referencingTable.schema_id = sch.schema_id
JOIN sys.objects foreignKey ON foreignKey.object_id = fk.constraint_object_id
JOIN sys.tables referencedTable ON fk.referenced_object_id = referencedTable.object_id
WHERE referencedTable.name = 'MyTableName'
示例输出:
[DropCommand]
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[OtherTable1] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_OtherTable1_MyTable]
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[OtherTable2] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_OtherTable2_MyTable]
省略where -子句以获取当前数据库中所有外键的删除命令。
我正在使用这个脚本来查找与外键相关的所有细节。 我正在使用INFORMATION.SCHEMA。 下面是一个SQL脚本:
SELECT
ccu.table_name AS SourceTable
,ccu.constraint_name AS SourceConstraint
,ccu.column_name AS SourceColumn
,kcu.table_name AS TargetTable
,kcu.column_name AS TargetColumn
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE ccu
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rc
ON ccu.CONSTRAINT_NAME = rc.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE kcu
ON kcu.CONSTRAINT_NAME = rc.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME
ORDER BY ccu.table_name