我需要在SQL Server数据库中删除一个高度引用的表。我如何才能得到所有外键约束的列表,我将需要删除以便删除表?

(SQL比在管理工作室的GUI中点击更可取)


当前回答

不知道为什么没有人建议,但我使用sp_fkeys查询给定表的外键:

EXEC sp_fkeys 'TableName'

你也可以指定模式:

EXEC sp_fkeys @pktable_name = 'TableName', @pktable_owner = 'dbo'

在没有指定模式的情况下,文档声明如下:

如果没有指定pktable_owner,则默认表可见性规则 的基础DBMS应用程序。 在SQL Server中,如果当前用户拥有一个具有指定 Name,返回该表的列。如果pktable_owner不是 且当前用户不拥有具有指定属性的表 Pktable_name时,该过程查找具有指定 由数据库所有者拥有的Pktable_name。如果存在,那张桌子就是 返回列。

其他回答

试试这个:

sp_help 'TableName'

也试一试。

EXEC sp_fkeys 'tableName', 'schemaName'

使用sp_fkeys,不仅可以通过pk表名和模式过滤结果,还可以通过fk表名和模式过滤结果。链接

我将使用SQL Server Management Studio中的数据库图表功能,但既然你排除了它-这在SQL Server 2008中为我工作(没有2005)。

获取引用表和列名的列表…

select 
    t.name as TableWithForeignKey, 
    fk.constraint_column_id as FK_PartNo, c.
    name as ForeignKeyColumn 
from 
    sys.foreign_key_columns as fk
inner join 
    sys.tables as t on fk.parent_object_id = t.object_id
inner join 
    sys.columns as c on fk.parent_object_id = c.object_id and fk.parent_column_id = c.column_id
where 
    fk.referenced_object_id = (select object_id 
                               from sys.tables 
                               where name = 'TableOthersForeignKeyInto')
order by 
    TableWithForeignKey, FK_PartNo

获取外键约束的名称

select distinct name from sys.objects where object_id in 
(   select fk.constraint_object_id from sys.foreign_key_columns as fk
    where fk.referenced_object_id = 
        (select object_id from sys.tables where name = 'TableOthersForeignKeyInto')
)

这会给你:

FK本身 FK所属的Schema “引用表”或者有FK的表 “引用列”或引用表中指向FK的列 “引用表”或具有FK指向的键列的表 “引用列”或者是FK指向的键的列

下面的代码:

SELECT  obj.name AS FK_NAME,
    sch.name AS [schema_name],
    tab1.name AS [table],
    col1.name AS [column],
    tab2.name AS [referenced_table],
    col2.name AS [referenced_column]
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns fkc
INNER JOIN sys.objects obj
    ON obj.object_id = fkc.constraint_object_id
INNER JOIN sys.tables tab1
    ON tab1.object_id = fkc.parent_object_id
INNER JOIN sys.schemas sch
    ON tab1.schema_id = sch.schema_id
INNER JOIN sys.columns col1
    ON col1.column_id = parent_column_id AND col1.object_id = tab1.object_id
INNER JOIN sys.tables tab2
    ON tab2.object_id = fkc.referenced_object_id
INNER JOIN sys.columns col2
    ON col2.column_id = referenced_column_id AND col2.object_id = tab2.object_id
SELECT PKTABLE_QUALIFIER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,DB_NAME()),
       PKTABLE_OWNER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,SCHEMA_NAME(O1.SCHEMA_ID)),
       PKTABLE_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,O1.NAME),
       PKCOLUMN_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,C1.NAME),
       FKTABLE_QUALIFIER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,DB_NAME()),
       FKTABLE_OWNER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,SCHEMA_NAME(O2.SCHEMA_ID)),
       FKTABLE_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,O2.NAME),
       FKCOLUMN_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,C2.NAME),
       -- Force the column to be non-nullable (see SQL BU 325751)
       --KEY_SEQ             = isnull(convert(smallint,k.constraint_column_id), sysconv(smallint,0)),
       UPDATE_RULE = CONVERT(SMALLINT,CASE OBJECTPROPERTY(F.OBJECT_ID,'CnstIsUpdateCascade') 
                                        WHEN 1 THEN 0
                                        ELSE 1
                                      END),
       DELETE_RULE = CONVERT(SMALLINT,CASE OBJECTPROPERTY(F.OBJECT_ID,'CnstIsDeleteCascade') 
                                        WHEN 1 THEN 0
                                        ELSE 1
                                      END),
       FK_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,OBJECT_NAME(F.OBJECT_ID)),
       PK_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,I.NAME),
       DEFERRABILITY = CONVERT(SMALLINT,7)   -- SQL_NOT_DEFERRABLE
FROM   SYS.ALL_OBJECTS O1,
       SYS.ALL_OBJECTS O2,
       SYS.ALL_COLUMNS C1,
       SYS.ALL_COLUMNS C2,
       SYS.FOREIGN_KEYS F
       INNER JOIN SYS.FOREIGN_KEY_COLUMNS K
         ON (K.CONSTRAINT_OBJECT_ID = F.OBJECT_ID)
       INNER JOIN SYS.INDEXES I
         ON (F.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID = I.OBJECT_ID
             AND F.KEY_INDEX_ID = I.INDEX_ID)
WHERE  O1.OBJECT_ID = F.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID
       AND O2.OBJECT_ID = F.PARENT_OBJECT_ID
       AND C1.OBJECT_ID = F.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID
       AND C2.OBJECT_ID = F.PARENT_OBJECT_ID
       AND C1.COLUMN_ID = K.REFERENCED_COLUMN_ID
       AND C2.COLUMN_ID = K.PARENT_COLUMN_ID