safeAreaLayoutGuide 当视图在屏幕上可见时，该指南反映了未被导航栏、选项卡栏、工具栏和其他祖先视图覆盖的视图部分。(在tvOS中，安全区域反映未覆盖屏幕边框的区域。)如果视图当前没有安装在视图层次结构中，或者在屏幕上还不可见，布局指南边等于视图的边。

然后在截图中获得红色箭头的高度:

self.safeAreaLayoutGuide.layoutFrame.size.height

对于iOS 13+/Swift 5，除了这个，没有其他方法适合我:

    if #available(iOS 13.0, *) {
        topPadding = UIApplication.shared.windows.first?.safeAreaInsets.top ?? 0
        bottomPadding = UIApplication.shared.windows.first?.safeAreaInsets.bottom ?? 0
    }

对于那些切换到横向模式的人，你必须确保在旋转后使用viewSafeAreaInsetsDidChange来获得最新的值:

private var safeAreaInsets = UIEdgeInsets(top: 0, left: 0, bottom: 0, right: 0)

override func viewSafeAreaInsetsDidChange() {
        if #available(iOS 11.0, *) {
            safeAreaInsets = UIApplication.shared.keyWindow!.safeAreaInsets
        }
}

对于 SwiftUI：

Code

private struct SafeAreaInsetsKey: EnvironmentKey {
    static var defaultValue: EdgeInsets {
        UIApplication.shared.windows[0].safeAreaInsets.insets
    }
}

extension EnvironmentValues {
    
    var safeAreaInsets: EdgeInsets {
        self[SafeAreaInsetsKey.self]
    }
}

private extension UIEdgeInsets {
    
    var insets: EdgeInsets {
        EdgeInsets(top: top, leading: left, bottom: bottom, trailing: right)
    }
}

使用

struct MyView: View {
    
    @Environment(\.safeAreaInsets) private var safeAreaInsets
    
    var body: some View {
        Text("Ciao")
            .padding(safeAreaInsets)
    }
}

在iOS 11中，有一个方法告诉安全区域什么时候发生了变化。

override func viewSafeAreaInsetsDidChange() {
    super.viewSafeAreaInsetsDidChange()
    let top = view.safeAreaInsets.top
    let bottom = view.safeAreaInsets.bottom
}

Swift 5, Xcode 11.4

`UIApplication.shared.keyWindow` 

它将给出弃用警告。" keyWindow "在iOS 13.0中已弃用:不应该用于支持多场景的应用程序，因为它会在所有连接的场景中返回一个键窗口。我用这种方法。

extension UIView {

    var safeAreaBottom: CGFloat {
         if #available(iOS 11, *) {
            if let window = UIApplication.shared.keyWindowInConnectedScenes {
                return window.safeAreaInsets.bottom
            }
         }
         return 0
    }

    var safeAreaTop: CGFloat {
         if #available(iOS 11, *) {
            if let window = UIApplication.shared.keyWindowInConnectedScenes {
                return window.safeAreaInsets.top
            }
         }
         return 0
    }
}

extension UIApplication {
    var keyWindowInConnectedScenes: UIWindow? {
        return windows.first(where: { $0.isKeyWindow })
    }
}