我有一个名为foo的脚本。R包含另一个脚本other。R，在同一个目录下:
#!/usr/bin/env Rscript
message("Hello")
source("other.R")
但我想让R找到另一个。R，不管当前工作目录是什么。
换句话说，就是foo。R需要知道自己的路径。我该怎么做呢?
当前回答
Steamer25的方法是有效的，但前提是路径中没有空白。在macOS上，至少cmdArgs[match]返回类似/base/some~+~dir~+~带~+~空格/ for /base/some\ dir\带\空格/。
我通过在返回之前用一个简单的空格替换“~+~”来解决这个问题。
thisFile <- function() {
cmdArgs <- commandArgs(trailingOnly = FALSE)
needle <- "--file="
match <- grep(needle, cmdArgs)
if (length(match) > 0) {
# Rscript
path <- cmdArgs[match]
path <- gsub("\\~\\+\\~", " ", path)
return(normalizePath(sub(needle, "", path)))
} else {
# 'source'd via R console
return(normalizePath(sys.frames()[[1]]$ofile))
}
}
显然，你仍然可以像aprstar那样扩展else块。
其他回答
解决方案在2016年出现。非常感谢作者，Sahil Seth!
CRAN和github上的funr包提供了sys.script()函数，该函数获取当前脚本的完整路径。它甚至引用了一个类似的SO帖子。
因此，解是:
myscript。接待员:
#!/usr/bin/env Rscript
f <- funr::sys.script()
show(f)
然后执行命令:
user@somewhere:/home$ Rscript myscript.R
将在命令行输出，例如:
"/home/path/to/myscript.R"
到控制台。
通过查看调用堆栈，我们可以获得正在执行的每个脚本的文件路径，其中最有用的两个可能是当前正在执行的脚本，或者是要获取的第一个脚本(条目)。
script.dir.executing = (function() return( if(length(sys.parents())==1) getwd() else dirname( Filter(is.character,lapply(rev(sys.frames()),function(x) x$ofile))[[1]] ) ))()
script.dir.entry = (function() return( if(length(sys.parents())==1) getwd() else dirname(sys.frame(1)$ofile) ))()
你可以在一个bash脚本中包装r脚本，并检索脚本的路径作为bash变量，如下所示:
#!/bin/bash
# [environment variables can be set here]
path_to_script=$(dirname $0)
R --slave<<EOF
source("$path_to_script/other.R")
EOF
我的一切都在一个!(—2019年9月1日更新以处理RStudio控制台)
#' current script file (in full path)
#' @description current script file (in full path)
#' @examples
#' works with Rscript, source() or in RStudio Run selection, RStudio Console
#' @export
ez.csf <- function() {
# http://stackoverflow.com/a/32016824/2292993
cmdArgs = commandArgs(trailingOnly = FALSE)
needle = "--file="
match = grep(needle, cmdArgs)
if (length(match) > 0) {
# Rscript via command line
return(normalizePath(sub(needle, "", cmdArgs[match])))
} else {
ls_vars = ls(sys.frames()[[1]])
if ("fileName" %in% ls_vars) {
# Source'd via RStudio
return(normalizePath(sys.frames()[[1]]$fileName))
} else {
if (!is.null(sys.frames()[[1]]$ofile)) {
# Source'd via R console
return(normalizePath(sys.frames()[[1]]$ofile))
} else {
# RStudio Run Selection
# http://stackoverflow.com/a/35842176/2292993
pth = rstudioapi::getActiveDocumentContext()$path
if (pth!='') {
return(normalizePath(pth))
} else {
# RStudio Console
tryCatch({
pth = rstudioapi::getSourceEditorContext()$path
pth = normalizePath(pth)
}, error = function(e) {
# normalizePath('') issues warning/error
pth = ''
}
)
return(pth)
}
}
}
}
}
我为此做了一个包，在CRAN和GitHub上可用，名为“this.path”。当前版本是1.2.0，发布于2023-01-16，你可以在这里找到它:
https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=this.path
https://github.com/ArcadeAntics/this.path
从CRAN安装:
跑龙套::install.packages(“this.path”)
或从GitHub安装开发版本:
utils：：install.packages（“this.path”， repos = “https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ArcadeAntics/PACKAGES”）
然后使用它:
this.path: this.path ()
or
库(this.path)
this.path ()
下面的答案是我的原始答案，仅供参考，尽管它的功能比上面可用的最新版本少了很多。改进包括:
this.path() now works within VSCode handling filenames with spaces when running an R script from a shell under Unix-alikes handling both uses of running an R script from a shell (-f file and --file=file) correctly normalizes the path when using source with argument chdir = TRUE handling of file URLs with source (that is, "file://absolute or relative path" and "file:///absolute path") better handling of a connection instead of a character string within source this.path is compatible with URLs in source, that is:
source("https://host/path/to/file")
如果这一点。如果在文件中使用了Path，它将返回“https://host/path/to/file”。这也适用于以“http://”，“ftp://”和“ftps://”开头的URL。举个例子，试试:
source("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ArcadeAntics/this.path/main/tests/this.path_w_URLs.R")
compatibility with package testthat and knitr, particularly testthat::source_file and knitr::knit introduces function here, similar to here::here, for specifying an absolute file path, relative to the executing script's directory on Windows, in Rgui, added support for all languages listed by list.dirs(system.file(package = "translations"), full.names = FALSE, recursive = FALSE) saving the normalized path within its appropriate environment the first time this.path is called within a script, making it faster to use subsequent times within the same script and being independent of working directory. This means that setwd will no longer break this.path when using relative paths within source or when running R from a shell (as long as setwd is used AFTER the first call to this.path within that script)
最初的回答:
我的回答比Jerry T的回答好多了。我发现的问题是，他们通过检查变量ofile是否在堆栈上的第一帧中找到来猜测是否进行了源调用。这将不适用于嵌套的源调用，也不适用于来自非全局环境的源调用。另外，顺序是错误的。在检查shell参数之前，我们必须寻找源调用。以下是我的解决方案:
this.path <- function (verbose = getOption("verbose"))
{
# loop through functions that lead here from most recent to
# earliest looking for an appropriate source call (a call to
# function source / / sys.source / / debugSource in RStudio)
#
# an appropriate source call is one in which the file argument has
# been evaluated (forced)
#
# for example, this means `source(this.path())` is an inappropriate
# source call. the argument 'file' is stored as a promise
# containing the expression "this.path()". when the value of 'file'
# is requested, the expression is evaluated at which time there
# should be two functions on the calling stack being 'source' and
# 'this.path'. clearly, you don't want to request the 'file'
# argument from that source call because the value of 'file' is
# under evaluation right now! the trick is to ask if 'file' has
# already been evaluated, the easiest way of which is to ask if a
# variable exists, one which is only created after the expression
# is necessarily evaluated.
#
# if that variable does exist, then argument 'file' has been forced
# and the source call is deemed appropriate. For 'source', the
# filename we want is the variable 'ofile' from that function's
# evaluation environment. For 'sys.source', the filename we want is
# the variable 'file' from that function's evaluation environment.
#
# if that variable does NOT exist, then argument 'file' hasn't been
# forced and the source call is deemed inappropriate. the 'for'
# loop moves to the next function up the calling stack
#
# unfortunately, there is no way to check the argument 'fileName'
# has been forced for 'debugSource' since all the work is done
# internally in C. Instead, we have to use a 'tryCatch' statement.
# When we ask for an object by name using 'get', R is capable of
# realizing if a variable is asking for its own definition (a
# recursive promise). The exact error is "promise already under
# evaluation" which indicates that the promise evaluation is
# requesting its own value. So we use the 'tryCatch' to get the
# argument 'fileName' from the evaluation environment of
# 'debugSource', and if it does not raise an error, then we are
# safe to return that value. If not, the condition returns false
# and the 'for' loop moves to the next function up the calling
# stack
debugSource <- if (.Platform$GUI == "RStudio")
get("debugSource", "tools:rstudio", inherits = FALSE)
for (n in seq.int(to = 1L, by = -1L, length.out = sys.nframe() - 1L)) {
if (identical(sys.function(n), source) &&
exists("ofile", envir = sys.frame(n), inherits = FALSE))
{
path <- get("ofile", envir = sys.frame(n), inherits = FALSE)
if (!is.character(path))
path <- summary.connection(path)$description
if (verbose)
cat("Source: call to function source\n")
return(normalizePath(path, mustWork = TRUE))
}
else if (identical(sys.function(n), sys.source) &&
exists("exprs", envir = sys.frame(n), inherits = FALSE))
{
path <- get("file", envir = sys.frame(n), inherits = FALSE)
if (verbose)
cat("Source: call to function sys.source\n")
return(normalizePath(path, mustWork = TRUE))
}
else if (identical(sys.function(n), debugSource) &&
tryCatch({
path <- get("fileName", envir = sys.frame(n), inherits = FALSE)
TRUE
}, error = function(c) FALSE))
{
if (verbose)
cat("Source: call to function debugSource in RStudio\n")
return(normalizePath(path, mustWork = TRUE))
}
}
# no appropriate source call was found up the calling stack
# if (running R from RStudio)
if (.Platform$GUI == "RStudio") {
# ".rs.api.getActiveDocumentContext" from "tools:rstudio"
# returns a list of information about the document where your
# cursor is located
#
# ".rs.api.getSourceEditorContext" from "tools:rstudio" returns
# a list of information about the document open in the current
# tab
#
# element 'id' is a character string, an identification for the document
# element 'path' is a character string, the path of the document
context <- get(".rs.api.getActiveDocumentContext",
"tools:rstudio", inherits = FALSE)()
active <- context[["id"]] != "#console"
if (!active) {
context <- get(".rs.api.getSourceEditorContext",
"tools:rstudio", inherits = FALSE)()
if (is.null(context))
stop("'this.path' used in an inappropriate fashion\n",
"* no appropriate source call was found up the calling stack\n",
"* R is being run from RStudio with no documents open\n",
" (or source document has no path)")
}
path <- context[["path"]]
Encoding(path) <- "UTF-8"
if (nzchar(path)) {
if (verbose)
cat(if (active)
"Source: active document in RStudio\n"
else "Source: source document in RStudio\n")
return(normalizePath(path, mustWork = TRUE))
}
else stop("'this.path' used in an inappropriate fashion\n",
"* no appropriate source call was found up the calling stack\n",
if (active)
"* active document in RStudio does not exist"
else "* source document in RStudio does not exist")
}
# if (running R from RStudio before .Platform$GUI is changed)
# this includes code evaluated in the site-wide startup profile file,
# user profile, and function .First (see ?Startup)
else if (isTRUE(Sys.getpid() == as.integer(Sys.getenv("RSTUDIO_SESSION_PID"))) {
stop("RStudio has not finished loading")
}
# if (running R from a shell)
else if (.Platform$OS.type == "windows" && .Platform$GUI == "RTerm" || # on Windows
.Platform$OS.type == "unix" && .Platform$GUI == "X11") # under Unix-alikes
{
argv <- commandArgs()
# remove all trailing arguments
m <- match("--args", argv, 0L)
if (m)
argv <- argv[seq_len(m)]
argv <- argv[-1L]
# get all arguments starting with "--file="
FILE <- argv[startsWith(argv, "--file=")]
# remove "--file=" from the start of each string
FILE <- substring(FILE, 8L)
# remove strings "-"
FILE <- FILE[FILE != "-"]
n <- length(FILE)
if (n) {
FILE <- FILE[[n]]
if (verbose)
cat("Source: shell argument 'FILE'\n")
return(normalizePath(FILE, mustWork = TRUE))
} else {
stop("'this.path' used in an inappropriate fashion\n",
"* no appropriate source call was found up the calling stack\n",
"* R is being run from a shell where argument 'FILE' is missing")
}
}
# if (running R from RGui on Windows)
else if (.Platform$OS.type == "windows" && .Platform$GUI == "Rgui") {
# "getWindowsHandles" from "utils" (Windows exclusive) returns
# a list of external pointers containing the windows handles.
# The thing of interest are the names of this list, these are
# the names of the windows belonging to the current R process.
# Since Rgui can have files besides R scripts open (such as
# images), a regular expression is used to subset only windows
# handles with names that start with "R Console" or end with
# " - R Editor". From there, similar checks are done as in the
# above section for 'RStudio'
x <- names(utils::getWindowsHandles(pattern = "^R Console| - R Editor$",
minimized = TRUE))
if (!length(x))
stop("no windows in Rgui; should never happen, please report!")
active <- !startsWith(x[[1L]], "R Console")
if (active)
x <- x[[1L]]
else if (length(x) >= 2L)
x <- x[[2L]]
else stop("'this.path' used in an inappropriate fashion\n",
"* no appropriate source call was found up the calling stack\n",
"* R is being run from Rgui with no documents open")
if (x == "Untitled - R Editor")
stop("'this.path' used in an inappropriate fashion\n",
"* no appropriate source call was found up the calling stack\n",
if (active)
"* active document in Rgui does not exist"
else "* source document in Rgui does not exist")
path <- sub(" - R Editor$", "", x)
if (verbose)
cat(if (active)
"Source: active document in Rgui\n"
else "Source: source document in Rgui\n")
return(normalizePath(path, mustWork = TRUE))
}
# if (running R from RGui on macOS)
else if (.Platform$OS.type == "unix" && .Platform$GUI == "AQUA") {
stop("'this.path' used in an inappropriate fashion\n",
"* no appropriate source call was found up the calling stack\n",
"* R is being run from AQUA which is currently unimplemented\n",
" consider using RStudio until such a time when this is implemented")
}
# otherwise
else stop("'this.path' used in an inappropriate fashion\n",
"* no appropriate source call was found up the calling stack\n",
"* R is being run in an unrecognized manner")
}
