你也可以使用. is子集()

>>> {"key1", "key2"}.issubset({"key1":1, "key2":2, "key3": 3})
True
>>> {"key4", "key2"}.issubset({"key1":1, "key2":2, "key3": 3})
False
>>>

那么使用呢?

 if reduce( (lambda x, y: x and foo.has_key(y) ), [ True, "foo", "bar"] ): # do stuff

如果你想:

还可以获取键的值 多查字典

然后:

from operator import itemgetter
foo = {'foo':1,'zip':2,'zam':3,'bar':4}
keys = ("foo","bar") 
getter = itemgetter(*keys) # returns all values
try:
    values = getter(foo)
except KeyError:
    # not both keys exist
    pass

这里有一个替代的解决方案，以防你想要得到不匹配的项目……

not_existing_keys = [item for item in ["foo","bar"] if item not in foo]
if not_existing_keys:
  log.error('These items are missing', not_existing_keys)

使用集:

if set(("foo", "bar")).issubset(foo):
    #do stuff

另外:

if set(("foo", "bar")) <= set(foo):
    #do stuff

这只是我的看法，在所有给定的选项中，有两个方法很容易理解。所以我的主要标准是代码可读性强，而不是特别快。为了保持代码的可理解性，我更喜欢给定的可能性:

var <=var2.keys（） var.issubset（var2）

事实上，“var <= var2.keys()”在我下面的测试中执行得更快，我更喜欢这个。

import timeit

timeit.timeit('var <= var2.keys()', setup='var={"managed_ip", "hostname", "fqdn"}; var2= {"zone": "test-domain1.var23.com", "hostname": "bakje", "api_client_ip": "127.0.0.1", "request_data": "", "request_method": "GET", "request_url": "hvar2p://127.0.0.1:5000/test-domain1.var23.com/bakje", "utc_datetime": "04-Apr-2019 07:01:10", "fqdn": "bakje.test-domain1.var23.com"}; var={"managed_ip", "hostname", "fqdn"}')
0.1745898080000643

timeit.timeit('var.issubset(var2)', setup='var={"managed_ip", "hostname", "fqdn"}; var2= {"zone": "test-domain1.var23.com", "hostname": "bakje", "api_client_ip": "127.0.0.1", "request_data": "", "request_method": "GET", "request_url": "hvar2p://127.0.0.1:5000/test-domain1.var23.com/bakje", "utc_datetime": "04-Apr-2019 07:01:10", "fqdn": "bakje.test-domain1.var23.com"}; var={"managed_ip", "hostname", "fqdn"};')
0.2644960229999924