我曾经写过一篇关于这个主题的博文:“缓存一个大数组:JSON，序列化还是var_export?”在这篇文章中，我们展示了序列化是大小数组的最佳选择。对于非常大的数组(> 70MB)， JSON是更好的选择。

Y刚刚测试了serialized和json的encode和decode，加上它将把字符串存储的大小。

JSON encoded in 0.067085981369 seconds. Size (1277772)
PHP serialized in 0.12110209465 seconds. Size (1955548)
JSON decode in 0.22470498085 seconds
PHP serialized in 0.211947917938 seconds
json_encode() was roughly 80.52% faster than serialize()
unserialize() was roughly 6.02% faster than json_decode()
JSON string was roughly 53.04% smaller than Serialized string

我们可以得出结论，JSON编码更快，结果字符串更小，但unserialize解码字符串更快。

我知道这有点晚了，但答案很旧，我想我的基准测试可能会有帮助，因为我刚刚在PHP 7.4中测试过

Serialize/Unserialize比JSON快得多，占用的内存和空间更少，在PHP 7.4中完全胜出，但我不确定我的测试是最有效或最好的。

我基本上创建了一个PHP文件，它返回一个数组，我编码，序列化，然后解码和反序列化。

$array = include __DIR__.'/../tests/data/dao/testfiles/testArray.php';

//JSON ENCODE
$json_encode_memory_start = memory_get_usage();
$json_encode_time_start = microtime(true);

for ($i=0; $i < 20000; $i++) { 
    $encoded = json_encode($array);
}

$json_encode_time_end = microtime(true);
$json_encode_memory_end = memory_get_usage();
$json_encode_time = $json_encode_time_end - $json_encode_time_start;
$json_encode_memory = 
$json_encode_memory_end - $json_encode_memory_start;


//SERIALIZE
$serialize_memory_start = memory_get_usage();
$serialize_time_start = microtime(true);

for ($i=0; $i < 20000; $i++) { 
    $serialized = serialize($array);
}

$serialize_time_end = microtime(true);
$serialize_memory_end = memory_get_usage();
$serialize_time = $serialize_time_end - $serialize_time_start;
$serialize_memory = $serialize_memory_end - $serialize_memory_start;


//Write to file time:
$fpc_memory_start = memory_get_usage();
$fpc_time_start = microtime(true);

for ($i=0; $i < 20000; $i++) { 
    $fpc_bytes = 
    file_put_contents(
        __DIR__.'/../tests/data/dao/testOneBigFile',
        '<?php return '.var_export($array,true).' ?>;'
    );
}

$fpc_time_end = microtime(true);
$fpc_memory_end = memory_get_usage();
$fpc_time = $fpc_time_end - $fpc_time_start;
$fpc_memory = $fpc_memory_end - $fpc_memory_start;


//JSON DECODE
$json_decode_memory_start = memory_get_usage();
$json_decode_time_start = microtime(true);

for ($i=0; $i < 20000; $i++) { 
    $decoded = json_encode($encoded);
}

$json_decode_time_end = microtime(true);
$json_decode_memory_end = memory_get_usage();
$json_decode_time = $json_decode_time_end - $json_decode_time_start;
$json_decode_memory = 
$json_decode_memory_end - $json_decode_memory_start;


//UNSERIALIZE
$unserialize_memory_start = memory_get_usage();
$unserialize_time_start = microtime(true);

for ($i=0; $i < 20000; $i++) { 
    $unserialized = unserialize($serialized);
}

$unserialize_time_end = microtime(true);
$unserialize_memory_end = memory_get_usage();
$unserialize_time = $unserialize_time_end - $unserialize_time_start;
$unserialize_memory = 
$unserialize_memory_end - $unserialize_memory_start;


//GET FROM VAR EXPORT:
$var_export_memory_start = memory_get_usage();
$var_export_time_start = microtime(true);

for ($i=0; $i < 20000; $i++) { 
    $array = include __DIR__.'/../tests/data/dao/testOneBigFile';
}

$var_export_time_end = microtime(true);
$var_export_memory_end = memory_get_usage();
$var_export_time = $var_export_time_end - $var_export_time_start;
$var_export_memory = $var_export_memory_end - $var_export_memory_start;

结果:

Var输出长度:11447 序列化长度:11541 Json编码长度:11895 文件放内容字节:11464

Json编码时间:1.9197590351105 序列化时间:0.160325050354 FPC时间:6.2793469429016

Json编码内存:12288 序列化内存:12288 FPC内存:0

JSON解码时间:1.7493588924408 UnSerialize Time: 0.19309520721436 Var导出和包括:3.1974139213562

JSON解码内存:16384 反序列化内存:14360 Var Export and Include: 192

我对测试进行了扩展，以包括反序列化性能。这是我得到的数字。

Serialize

JSON encoded in 2.5738489627838 seconds
PHP serialized in 5.2861361503601 seconds
Serialize: json_encode() was roughly 105.38% faster than serialize()


Unserialize

JSON decode in 10.915472984314 seconds
PHP unserialized in 7.6223039627075 seconds
Unserialize: unserialize() was roughly 43.20% faster than json_decode() 

因此json似乎编码更快，但解码较慢。因此，这可能取决于您的应用程序以及您希望最大限度地实现什么。

仅供参考——如果您想将数据序列化为易于阅读和理解的JSON，但具有更多的压缩和更高的性能，您应该检查messagpack。

如果总结一下人们在这里所说的话，json_decode/encode似乎比序列化/反序列化BUT更快 如果执行var_dump，序列化对象的类型将被更改。 如果出于某种原因想要保留类型，请使用serialize!

(例如stdClass vs array)

序列化/非系列化:

Array cache:
array (size=2)
  'a' => string '1' (length=1)
  'b' => int 2
Object cache:
object(stdClass)[8]
  public 'field1' => int 123
This cache:
object(Controller\Test)[8]
  protected 'view' => 

JSON 编码/解码

Array cache:
object(stdClass)[7]
  public 'a' => string '1' (length=1)
  public 'b' => int 2
Object cache:
object(stdClass)[8]
  public 'field1' => int 123
This cache:
object(stdClass)[8]

正如你所看到的json_encode/decode将所有转换为stdClass，这不是很好，对象信息丢失…所以根据需要来决定，特别是如果它不仅仅是数组……