如何在不使用第三方库的情况下使用Node.js下载文件?

我不需要什么特别的东西。我只想从给定的URL下载文件,然后将其保存到给定的目录。


当前回答

const download = (url, path) => new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
http.get(url, response => {
    const statusCode = response.statusCode;

    if (statusCode !== 200) {
        return reject('Download error!');
    }

    const writeStream = fs.createWriteStream(path);
    response.pipe(writeStream);

    writeStream.on('error', () => reject('Error writing to file!'));
    writeStream.on('finish', () => writeStream.close(resolve));
});}).catch(err => console.error(err));

其他回答

Gfxmonk的答案在回调和file.close()完成之间有一个非常紧张的数据竞赛。File.close()实际上接受一个回调函数,该函数在close完成时被调用。否则,立即使用文件可能会失败(非常罕见!)。

一个完整的解决方案是:

var http = require('http');
var fs = require('fs');

var download = function(url, dest, cb) {
  var file = fs.createWriteStream(dest);
  var request = http.get(url, function(response) {
    response.pipe(file);
    file.on('finish', function() {
      file.close(cb);  // close() is async, call cb after close completes.
    });
  });
}

如果不等待finish事件,幼稚的脚本可能最终得到一个不完整的文件。如果不通过close调度cb回调,您可能会在访问文件和文件实际准备就绪之间出现竞争。

说到处理错误,监听请求错误甚至更好。我甚至会通过检查响应代码来验证。这里认为只有200个响应代码成功,但其他代码可能很好。

const fs = require('fs');
const http = require('http');

const download = (url, dest, cb) => {
    const file = fs.createWriteStream(dest);

    const request = http.get(url, (response) => {
        // check if response is success
        if (response.statusCode !== 200) {
            return cb('Response status was ' + response.statusCode);
        }

        response.pipe(file);
    });

    // close() is async, call cb after close completes
    file.on('finish', () => file.close(cb));

    // check for request error too
    request.on('error', (err) => {
        fs.unlink(dest, () => cb(err.message)); // delete the (partial) file and then return the error
    });

    file.on('error', (err) => { // Handle errors
        fs.unlink(dest, () => cb(err.message)); // delete the (partial) file and then return the error
    });
};

尽管这段代码相对简单,但我建议使用request模块,因为它处理更多http不支持的协议(你好,HTTPS!)。

可以这样做:

const fs = require('fs');
const request = require('request');

const download = (url, dest, cb) => {
    const file = fs.createWriteStream(dest);
    const sendReq = request.get(url);
    
    // verify response code
    sendReq.on('response', (response) => {
        if (response.statusCode !== 200) {
            return cb('Response status was ' + response.statusCode);
        }

        sendReq.pipe(file);
    });

    // close() is async, call cb after close completes
    file.on('finish', () => file.close(cb));

    // check for request errors
    sendReq.on('error', (err) => {
        fs.unlink(dest, () => cb(err.message)); // delete the (partial) file and then return the error
    });

    file.on('error', (err) => { // Handle errors
        fs.unlink(dest, () => cb(err.message)); // delete the (partial) file and then return the error
    });
};

编辑:

要使它与https兼容,请更改

const http = require('http');

to

const http = require('https');

✅So if you use pipeline, it would close all other streams and make sure that there are no memory leaks. Working example: const http = require('http'); const { pipeline } = require('stream'); const fs = require('fs'); const file = fs.createWriteStream('./file.jpg'); http.get('http://via.placeholder.com/150/92c952', response => { pipeline( response, file, err => { if (err) console.error('Pipeline failed.', err); else console.log('Pipeline succeeded.'); } ); });

从我的回答“在流上。pipe和。pipeline之间有什么区别”。

也许node.js已经改变了,但似乎其他解决方案(使用node v8.1.2)有一些问题:

You don't need to call file.close() in the finish event. Per default the fs.createWriteStream is set to autoClose: https://nodejs.org/api/fs.html#fs_fs_createwritestream_path_options file.close() should be called on error. Maybe this is not needed when the file is deleted (unlink()), but normally it is: https://nodejs.org/api/stream.html#stream_readable_pipe_destination_options Temp file is not deleted on statusCode !== 200 fs.unlink() without a callback is deprecated (outputs warning) If dest file exists; it is overridden

下面是一个修改后的解决方案(使用ES6和promises),它可以处理这些问题。

const http = require("http");
const fs = require("fs");

function download(url, dest) {
    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
        const file = fs.createWriteStream(dest, { flags: "wx" });

        const request = http.get(url, response => {
            if (response.statusCode === 200) {
                response.pipe(file);
            } else {
                file.close();
                fs.unlink(dest, () => {}); // Delete temp file
                reject(`Server responded with ${response.statusCode}: ${response.statusMessage}`);
            }
        });

        request.on("error", err => {
            file.close();
            fs.unlink(dest, () => {}); // Delete temp file
            reject(err.message);
        });

        file.on("finish", () => {
            resolve();
        });

        file.on("error", err => {
            file.close();

            if (err.code === "EEXIST") {
                reject("File already exists");
            } else {
                fs.unlink(dest, () => {}); // Delete temp file
                reject(err.message);
            }
        });
    });
}

您可以尝试使用res.redirect到https文件下载url,然后它将下载文件。

如:res.redirect(“https / / static.file.com/file.txt”);