You must use the file class , create a file instance with the path of the file you want to check if existent . After that you must make sure that it is a file and not a directory . Afterwards you can call exist method on that file object referancing your file . Be aware that , file class in java is not representing a file . It actually represents a directory path or a file path , and the abstract path it represents does not have to exist physically on your computer . It is just a representation , that`s why , you can enter a path of a file as an argument while creating file object , and then check if that folder in that path does really exist , with the exists() method .

f.isFile() && f.canRead()

具有良好编码实践并涵盖所有情况的简单示例:

 private static void fetchIndexSafely(String url) throws FileAlreadyExistsException {
        File f = new File(Constants.RFC_INDEX_LOCAL_NAME);
        if (f.exists()) {
            throw new FileAlreadyExistsException(f.getAbsolutePath());
        } else {
            try {
                URL u = new URL(url);
                FileUtils.copyURLToFile(u, f);
            } catch (MalformedURLException ex) {
                Logger.getLogger(RfcFetcher.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
            } catch (IOException ex) {
                Logger.getLogger(RfcFetcher.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
            }
        }
    }

参考和更多的例子在

https://zgrepcode.com/examples/java/java/nio/file/filealreadyexistsexception-implementations

设计这些方法是有特定目的的。我们不能说使用任何人来检查文件是否存在。

isFile():测试由这个抽象路径名表示的文件是否是一个正常的文件。 exists():测试由此抽象路径名表示的文件或目录是否存在。 docs.oracle.com

File f = new File(filePathString); 

这将不会创建物理文件。只会创建File类的对象。要物理创建一个文件，你必须显式地创建它:

f.createNewFile();

因此f.exists()可以用来检查这样的文件是否存在。

通过在Java SE 7中使用nio，

import java.nio.file.*;

Path path = Paths.get(filePathString);

if (Files.exists(path)) {
  // file exist
}

if (Files.notExists(path)) {
  // file is not exist
}

如果exists和notExists都返回false，则不能验证文件是否存在。(可能没有访问该路径的权限)

您可以检查path是目录还是普通文件。

if (Files.isDirectory(path)) {
  // path is directory
}

if (Files.isRegularFile(path)) {
  // path is regular file
}

请查看Java SE 7教程。