我想将JSON数据转换为Python对象。

我从Facebook API收到JSON数据对象,我想将其存储在数据库中。

我的当前视图在Django (Python)(请求。POST包含JSON):

response = request.POST
user = FbApiUser(user_id = response['id'])
user.name = response['name']
user.username = response['username']
user.save()

这很好,但是如何处理复杂的JSON数据对象呢? 如果我能以某种方式将这个JSON对象转换为易于使用的Python对象,是不是会更好?


当前回答

既然没有人给出了和我一样的答案,我就把它贴在这里。

这是一个健壮的类,可以轻松地在JSON str和dict之间来回转换,我已经从我的答案复制到另一个问题:

import json

class PyJSON(object):
    def __init__(self, d):
        if type(d) is str:
            d = json.loads(d)

        self.from_dict(d)

    def from_dict(self, d):
        self.__dict__ = {}
        for key, value in d.items():
            if type(value) is dict:
                value = PyJSON(value)
            self.__dict__[key] = value

    def to_dict(self):
        d = {}
        for key, value in self.__dict__.items():
            if type(value) is PyJSON:
                value = value.to_dict()
            d[key] = value
        return d

    def __repr__(self):
        return str(self.to_dict())

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        self.__dict__[key] = value

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        return self.__dict__[key]

json_str = """... JSON string ..."""

py_json = PyJSON(json_str)

其他回答

使用python 3.7,我发现下面的代码非常简单有效。在本例中,将JSON从文件加载到字典中:

class Characteristic:
    def __init__(self, characteristicName, characteristicUUID):
        self.characteristicName = characteristicName
        self.characteristicUUID = characteristicUUID


class Service:
    def __init__(self, serviceName, serviceUUID, characteristics):
        self.serviceName = serviceName
        self.serviceUUID = serviceUUID
        self.characteristics = characteristics

class Definitions:
    def __init__(self, services):
        self.services = []
        for service in services:
            self.services.append(Service(**service))


def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
        prog="BLEStructureGenerator",
        description="Taking in a JSON input file which lists all of the services, "
                    "characteristics and encoded properties. The encoding takes in "
                    "another optional template services and/or characteristics "
                    "file where the JSON file contents are applied to the templates.",
        epilog="Copyright Brown & Watson International"
    )

    parser.add_argument('definitionfile',
                        type=argparse.FileType('r', encoding='UTF-8'),
                        help="JSON file which contains the list of characteristics and "
                             "services in the required format")
    parser.add_argument('-s', '--services',
                        type=argparse.FileType('r', encoding='UTF-8'),
                        help="Services template file to be used for each service in the "
                             "JSON file list")
    parser.add_argument('-c', '--characteristics',
                        type=argparse.FileType('r', encoding='UTF-8'),
                        help="Characteristics template file to be used for each service in the "
                             "JSON file list")

    args = parser.parse_args()
    definition_dict = json.load(args.definitionfile)
    definitions = Definitions(**definition_dict)

已经有多种可行的答案,但有一些由个人制作的小型库可以满足大多数用户的需求。

json2object就是一个例子。给定一个已定义的类,它将json数据反序列化到您的自定义模型,包括自定义属性和子对象。

它的使用非常简单。一个来自图书馆wiki的例子:

从json2object导入jsontoobject作为Jo 类学生: def __init__(自我): 自我。firstName =无 自我。lastName = None 自我。courses =[课程(")] 类课程: 定义__init__(self, name): Self.name = name 数据= " '{ “firstName”:“詹姆斯”, “姓”:“债券”, “课程”:[{ “名称”:“战斗”}, { “名称”:“射击”} ] } “‘ model = Student() Result = jo.deserialize(数据,模型) print (result.courses [0] . name)

如果你正在使用python 3.6+,你可以使用棉花糖-数据类。与上面列出的所有解决方案相反,它既简单,又类型安全:

from marshmallow_dataclass import dataclass

@dataclass
class User:
    name: str

user = User.Schema().load({"name": "Ramirez"})
class SimpleClass:
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        for k, v in kwargs.items():
            if type(v) is dict:
                setattr(self, k, SimpleClass(**v))
            else:
                setattr(self, k, v)


json_dict = {'name': 'jane doe', 'username': 'jane', 'test': {'foo': 1}}

class_instance = SimpleClass(**json_dict)

print(class_instance.name, class_instance.test.foo)
print(vars(class_instance))
def load_model_from_dict(self, data: dict):
    for key, value in data.items():
        self.__dict__[key] = value
    return self

它帮助返回你自己的模型,从字典中不可预见的变量。