我最近发现onActivityResult已弃用。我们该怎么处理呢?

有什么替代方案吗?


当前回答

我想出了如何从Kotlin的片段中正确地做到这一点,以捕获图像并处理返回的位图。在其他情况下也是一样的。

首先,您必须注册片段以侦听活动结果。这必须在初始化片段之前完成,这意味着创建一个成员变量,而不是在onCreate函数中初始化。

class DummyFragment : Fragment() {

  //registering fragment for camera listener
  private val takePhoto = registerForActivityResult(
    ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult()
  ) {
    if (it.resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
      val imageBitmap = it.data?.extras?.get("data") as Bitmap
      // do your thing with the obtained bitmap
    }
  }

  override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
  }

}

然后,像你通常做的那样调用摄像机意图。并使用上面创建的变量来启动意图。

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
  someRandomButton.setOnClickListener {
    val takePictureIntent = Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE)
    takePhoto.launch(takePictureIntent)
  }
}

其他回答

您可以为Koltin使用扩展函数。例如:

//random utils file
fun Fragment.buildGetContentRequest(function: (Uri) -> Unit): ActivityResultLauncher<String> {
    return this.registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.GetContent()) {
        function(it)
    }
}

fun Fragment.buildTakePhotoRequest(function: (Boolean) -> Unit): ActivityResultLauncher<Uri> {
    return this.registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.TakePicture()) {
        function(it)
    }
}

fun Fragment.buildSelectMultipleContentRequest(function: (MutableList<Uri>?) -> Unit): ActivityResultLauncher<String> {
    return this.registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.GetMultipleContents()) {
        function(it)
    }
}

然后在你的片段中像这样

//your actual fragment logic
class YourFragment : Fragment() {
    //we can assign our request in init process
    private val mRequestSelectFiles = buildSelectMultipleContentRequest { 
        onFilesSelected(it) 
    }


    fun onSelectFiles() {
        val mime = "*/*"
        mRequestSelectFiles.launch(mime)
    }

    fun onFilesSelected(list: MutableList<Uri>?) {
        //your logic
    }
}

Kotlin版本的@Muntashir阿肯解决方案

class BetterActivityResult<Input, Result> private constructor(
  caller : ActivityResultCaller,
  contract : ActivityResultContract<Input, Result>,
  var onActivityResult : ((Result) -> Unit)?,
) {

private val launcher : ActivityResultLauncher<Input> =
   caller.registerForActivityResult(contract) { onActivityResult?.invoke(it) }

  /**
   * Launch activity, same as [ActivityResultLauncher.launch] except that it 
   * allows a callback
   * executed after receiving a result from the target activity.
   */
  /**
   * Same as [.launch] with last parameter set to `null`.
   */
  @JvmOverloads
  fun launch(
     input : Input,
     onActivityResult : ((Result) -> Unit)? = this.onActivityResult,
  ) {
    this.onActivityResult = onActivityResult
    launcher.launch(input)
  }

  companion object {
  /**
   * Register activity result using a [ActivityResultContract] and an in-place 
   * activity result callback like
   * the default approach. You can still customise callback using [.launch].
   */
  fun <Input, Result> registerForActivityResult(
    caller : ActivityResultCaller,
    contract : ActivityResultContract<Input, Result>,
    onActivityResult : ((Result) -> Unit)?,
  ) : BetterActivityResult<Input, Result> {
    return BetterActivityResult(caller, contract, onActivityResult)
  }

  /**
   * Same as [.registerForActivityResult] except
   * the last argument is set to `null`.
   */
  fun <Input, Result> registerForActivityResult(
    caller : ActivityResultCaller,
    contract : ActivityResultContract<Input, Result>,
  ) : BetterActivityResult<Input, Result> {
    return registerForActivityResult(caller, contract, null)
  }

  /**
   * Specialised method for launching new activities.
   */
  fun registerActivityForResult(
    caller : ActivityResultCaller,
  ) : BetterActivityResult<Intent, ActivityResult> {
    return registerForActivityResult(caller, StartActivityForResult())
  }
 }
}

如果您正在使用SMS同意API,则使用以下代码(Kotlin):

resultLauncher.launch( consentIntent
                            )

    var resultLauncher = registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult()) { result ->
    if (result.resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
        // There are no request codes
    //    val data: Intent? = result.data
        val message = result.data?.getStringExtra(SmsRetriever.EXTRA_SMS_MESSAGE)
        getOtpFromMessage(message)

    }
}

从现在开始,startActivityForResult()已经被弃用,所以使用new方法代替。

芬兰湾的科特林的例子

    fun openActivityForResult() {
        startForResult.launch(Intent(this, AnotherActivity::class.java))
    }


    val startForResult = registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult()) { 
    result: ActivityResult ->
        if (result.resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
            val intent = result.data
            // Handle the Intent
            //do stuff here
        }
    }

你可以在developer.android.com上获得基本的培训。

下面是一个关于如何将现有代码转换为新代码的示例:

老办法:

public void openSomeActivityForResult() {
    Intent intent = new Intent(this, SomeActivity.class);
    startActivityForResult(intent, 123);
}

@Override
protected void onActivityResult (int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK && requestCode == 123) {
        doSomeOperations();
    }
}

新方法(Java):

public void openSomeActivityForResult() {
    Intent intent = new Intent(this, SomeActivity.class);
    someActivityResultLauncher.launch(intent);
}

// You can do the assignment inside onAttach or onCreate, i.e, before the activity is displayed
ActivityResultLauncher<Intent> someActivityResultLauncher = registerForActivityResult(
        new ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult(),
        new ActivityResultCallback<ActivityResult>() {
            @Override
            public void onActivityResult(ActivityResult result) {
                if (result.getResultCode() == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
                    // There are no request codes
                    Intent data = result.getData();
                    doSomeOperations();
                }
            }
        });

新方法(Kotlin):

fun openSomeActivityForResult() {
    val intent = Intent(this, SomeActivity::class.java)
    resultLauncher.launch(intent)
}

var resultLauncher = registerForActivityResult(StartActivityForResult()) { result ->
    if (result.resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
        // There are no request codes
        val data: Intent? = result.data
        doSomeOperations()
    }
}

编辑。一个更好的方法是使它更一般化,这样我们就可以重用它。下面的代码片段用于我的一个项目,但请注意,它没有经过良好的测试,可能无法涵盖所有情况。

BetterActivityResult.java

import android.content.Intent;
import androidx.activity.result.ActivityResult;
import androidx.activity.result.ActivityResultCaller;
import androidx.activity.result.ActivityResultLauncher;
import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContract;
import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContracts;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;

public class BetterActivityResult<Input, Result> {
    /**
     * Register activity result using a {@link ActivityResultContract} and an in-place activity result callback like
     * the default approach. You can still customise callback using {@link #launch(Object, OnActivityResult)}.
     */
    @NonNull
    public static <Input, Result> BetterActivityResult<Input, Result> registerForActivityResult(
            @NonNull ActivityResultCaller caller,
            @NonNull ActivityResultContract<Input, Result> contract,
            @Nullable OnActivityResult<Result> onActivityResult) {
        return new BetterActivityResult<>(caller, contract, onActivityResult);
    }

    /**
     * Same as {@link #registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultCaller, ActivityResultContract, OnActivityResult)} except
     * the last argument is set to {@code null}.
     */
    @NonNull
    public static <Input, Result> BetterActivityResult<Input, Result> registerForActivityResult(
            @NonNull ActivityResultCaller caller,
            @NonNull ActivityResultContract<Input, Result> contract) {
        return registerForActivityResult(caller, contract, null);
    }

    /**
     * Specialised method for launching new activities.
     */
    @NonNull
    public static BetterActivityResult<Intent, ActivityResult> registerActivityForResult(
            @NonNull ActivityResultCaller caller) {
        return registerForActivityResult(caller, new ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult());
    }

    /**
     * Callback interface
     */
    public interface OnActivityResult<O> {
        /**
         * Called after receiving a result from the target activity
         */
        void onActivityResult(O result);
    }

    private final ActivityResultLauncher<Input> launcher;
    @Nullable
    private OnActivityResult<Result> onActivityResult;

    private BetterActivityResult(@NonNull ActivityResultCaller caller,
                                 @NonNull ActivityResultContract<Input, Result> contract,
                                 @Nullable OnActivityResult<Result> onActivityResult) {
        this.onActivityResult = onActivityResult;
        this.launcher = caller.registerForActivityResult(contract, this::callOnActivityResult);
    }

    public void setOnActivityResult(@Nullable OnActivityResult<Result> onActivityResult) {
        this.onActivityResult = onActivityResult;
    }

    /**
     * Launch activity, same as {@link ActivityResultLauncher#launch(Object)} except that it allows a callback
     * executed after receiving a result from the target activity.
     */
    public void launch(Input input, @Nullable OnActivityResult<Result> onActivityResult) {
        if (onActivityResult != null) {
            this.onActivityResult = onActivityResult;
        }
        launcher.launch(input);
    }

    /**
     * Same as {@link #launch(Object, OnActivityResult)} with last parameter set to {@code null}.
     */
    public void launch(Input input) {
        launch(input, this.onActivityResult);
    }

    private void callOnActivityResult(Result result) {
        if (onActivityResult != null) onActivityResult.onActivityResult(result);
    }
}

使用上述方法,您仍然必须在启动活动或片段附件之前或期间注册它。一旦定义,就可以在活动或片段中重用它。例如,如果你需要在大部分活动中启动新的活动,你可以定义一个BaseActivity并像这样注册一个新的BetterActivityResult:

BaseActivity.java

public class BaseActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    protected final BetterActivityResult<Intent, ActivityResult> activityLauncher = BetterActivityResult.registerActivityForResult(this);
}

之后,你可以简单地从任何子活动中启动一个活动,就像这样:

public void openSomeActivityForResult() {
    Intent intent = new Intent(this, SomeActivity.class);
    activityLauncher.launch(intent, result -> {
        if (result.getResultCode() == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
            // There are no request codes
            Intent data = result.getData();
            doSomeOperations();
        }
    })
}

因为你可以在Intent的同时设置回调函数,所以你可以在任何活动中重用它。

类似地,您也可以使用其他两个构造函数来使用其他活动契约。