insert into customer_keyskill(customerID, keySkillID)
select  2,1 from dual
where not exists ( 
    select  customerID  from customer_keyskill 
    where customerID = 2 
    and keySkillID = 1 )

这不是答案，只是个便条。如果插入的值是重复的，则像接受的答案中那样的查询将不起作用，就像下面这样:

INSERT INTO `addr` (`email`, `name`) 
  SELECT * FROM (SELECT 'user@domain.tld', 'user@domain.tld') AS tmp 
  WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT `email` FROM `addr` WHERE `email` LIKE 'user@domain.tld'
  );

Error
SQL query: Copy Documentation

MySQL said: Documentation

#1060 - Duplicate column name 'user@domain.tld'

相反，Mahbub Tito回答的问题很好:

INSERT INTO `addr` (`email`, `name`) 
  SELECT 'user@domain.tld', 'user@domain.tld' 
  WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT `email` FROM `addr` WHERE `email` LIKE 'user@domain.tld'
  );

1 row inserted.

在MariaDB中测试

我遇到了一个问题，迈克建议的方法部分有效，我有一个错误复制列名= '0'，并更改了您的查询的语法如下'

     $tQ = "INSERT  INTO names (name_id, surname_id, sum, sum2, sum3,sum4,sum5) 
                SELECT '$name', '$surname', '$sum', '$sum2', '$sum3','$sum4','$sum5' 
FROM DUAL
                WHERE NOT EXISTS (
                SELECT sum FROM names WHERE name_id = '$name' 
AND surname_id = '$surname') LIMIT 1;";

问题出在列名上。sum3等于sum4, mysql抛出重复的列名，我用这种语法写了代码，它工作得很好，

工作:

INSERT INTO users (full_name, login, password) 
  SELECT 'Mahbub Tito','tito',SHA1('12345') FROM DUAL
WHERE NOT EXISTS 
  (SELECT login FROM users WHERE login='tito');

这个查询可以在PHP代码中使用。

我在这个表中有一个ID列，所以我需要检查除了这个ID列之外的所有列的复制:

#need to change values
SET @goodsType = 1, @sybType=5, @deviceId = asdf12345SDFasdf2345;    


INSERT INTO `devices` (`goodsTypeId`, `goodsId`, `deviceId`) #need to change tablename and columnsnames
SELECT * FROM (SELECT @goodsType, @sybType, @deviceId) AS tmp
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT 'goodsTypeId' FROM `devices` #need to change tablename and columns names
    WHERE `goodsTypeId` = @goodsType
        AND `goodsId` = @sybType
        AND `deviceId` = @deviceId
) LIMIT 1;

现在只有在SET字符串中配置的值不存在的情况下才会添加新项

这个查询很有效:

INSERT INTO `user` ( `username` , `password` )
    SELECT * FROM (SELECT 'ersks', md5( 'Nepal' )) AS tmp
    WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT `username` FROM `user` WHERE `username` = 'ersks' 
    AND `password` = md5( 'Nepal' )) LIMIT 1

你可以使用下面的查询来创建表:

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `user` (
    `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    `username` varchar(30) NOT NULL,
    `password` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
    `status` tinyint(1) DEFAULT '0',
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB  DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ;

注意:在尝试使用第一个查询之前，使用第二个查询创建表。